中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 190-200.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.01.017

• 营养与饲料 • 上一篇    下一篇

大口黑鲈稚鱼对维生素B6需求量的研究

梁浩辉1,2(), 覃瑶1,3, 熊攀1,2, 曹俊明2, 蔡佳1, 胡俊茹2, 陈晓瑛2, 王国霞2()   

  1. 1.广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广州 510640
    2.广东海洋大学水产学院,湛江 524088
    3.华南农业大学海洋学院,广州 510642
  • 修回日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2026-01-05 发布日期:2025-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 王国霞 E-mail:2642663924@qq.com;wanggx78@126.com
  • 作者简介:梁浩辉,E-mail: 2642663924@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广州市基础研究计划民生科技专题项目(202002020018)

Study on Vitamin B6 Requirements of Juvenile Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides

LIANG Haohui1,2(), QIN Yao1,3, XIONG Pan1,2, CAO Junming2, CAI Jia1, HU Junru2, CHEN Xiaoying2, WANG Guoxia2()   

  1. 1.Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Guangzhou 510640,China
    2.College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China
    3.College of Marine Sciences,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China
  • Revised:2025-07-16 Online:2026-01-05 Published:2025-12-26
  • Contact: WANG Guoxia E-mail:2642663924@qq.com;wanggx78@126.com

摘要:

目的 探究饲粮中维生素B6(VB6)含量对大口黑鲈稚鱼生长性能、生化指标、消化和抗氧化能力的影响,确定大口黑鲈稚鱼对VB6的适宜需求量,为大口黑鲈稚鱼配合饲料开发提供营养需求量参数和理论依据。 方法 选取2 400尾初始体重为(92.50±0.28)mg的大口黑鲈稚鱼,随机分为6组:P0(对照组)、P1、P2、P3、P4、P5,每组4个重复,每个重复100尾,分别饲喂含3.66、9.89、17.80、31.03、46.36、58.91 mg/kg VB6的6种配合饲料,养殖周期30 d。试验结束后,测定VB6对大口黑鲈稚鱼生长性能、生化指标、消化和抗氧化能力的影响,并进行离水应激试验。 结果 P1组大口黑鲈稚鱼的增重率和特定生长率均显著高于P4和P5组(P<0.05),饲料系数无显著差异(P>0.05)。P4组大口黑鲈稚鱼的粗蛋白质含量显著高于P2组(P<0.05),粗脂肪含量显著低于P0、P1和P3组(P<0.05)。各组间大口黑鲈稚鱼内脏团中葡萄糖、甘油三酯含量及谷丙转氨酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05),P4和P5组谷草转氨酶活性显著高于P0组(P<0.05);P2、P3及P5组肠道肌层厚度显著小于P0组(P<0.05);P4和P5组胰蛋白酶和α-淀粉酶活性均显著低于P0组(P<0.05),P1组脂肪酶活性显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。离水胁迫后,P2~P5组大口黑鲈稚鱼存活率显著低于P1组(P<0.05),内脏团中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著低于P0和P1组(P<0.05),过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著低于P0组(P<0.05);P3组丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于P0组(P<0.05)。与胁迫前相比,胁迫后各组大口黑鲈稚鱼内脏团中T-SOD活性和MDA含量均显著增加(P<0.05),CAT活性仅在P0~P2组显著增加(P<0.05)。 结论 本试验条件下,以增重率为评价指标,折线回归分析得出大口黑鲈稚鱼对饲粮中VB6需求量为5.34 mg/kg;以胁迫后存活率为评价指标,饲料中VB6的最适添加量为9.89 mg/kg。

关键词: 大口黑鲈稚鱼; 维生素B6; 生长性能; 生化指标; 抗氧化能力

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin B6 (VB6) contents on the growth performance, biochemical parameters, and digestive and antioxidant capacity in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and determine the optimal dietary VB6 requirement, providing nutrient requirements parameters and theoretical basis for the development of formulated feed in juvenile largemouth bass. Method A total of 2 400 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of (92.50±0.28)mg were randomly divided into six groups: P0 (control group), P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5, with four replicates per group and 100 fish per replicate, which were fed six types of formulated feed containing 3.66, 9.89, 17.80, 31.03, 46.36, and 58.91 mg/kg VB6, respectively, for a 30 days culture period. After the test, the effects of VB6 on the growth performance, biochemical parameters, and digestive and antioxidant capacity in juvenile largemouth bass were measured, and the water stress test was carried out. Result The weight gain and specific growth rates of juvenile largemouth bass in P1 group were significantly higher than those in P4 and P5 groups (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in feed coefficient (P>0.05). The crude protein content of juvenile largemouth bass in P4 group was significantly higher than that in P2 group (P<0.05), the crude fat content was significantly lower than that in P0, P1, and P3 groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the contents of glucose and triglycerides, and alanine aminotransferase activity in visceral mass of juvenile largemouth bass in each group (P>0.05). The aspartate aminotransferase activity in P4 and P5 groups was significantly higher than that in P0 group (P<0.05). The intestinal muscular thickness of juvenile largemouth bass in P2, P3, and P5 groups was significantly lower than that in P0 group (P<0.05). The activities of trypsin and α-amylase in P4 and P5 groups were significantly lower than those in P0 group (P<0.05), while the lipase activity in P1 group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). The survival rate of juvenile largemouth bass in P2-P5 groups was significantly lower than that in P1 group post-air-exposure stress (P<0.05), the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in visceral mass was significantly lower than that in P0 and P1 groups (P<0.05), and the catalase (CAT) activity was significantly lower than that in P0 group (P<0.05). The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in P3 group was significantly lower than that in P0 group (P<0.05). Compared with pre-air-exposure stress, the T-SOD activity and MDA content in visceral mass of juvenile largemouth bass in each group were significantly increased post-air-exposure stress (P<0.05), while CAT activity only significantly increased in P0-P2 groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Under the conditions of this experiment, line regression analysis showed that the VB6 requirement of juvenile largemouth bass in feed was 5.34 mg/kg using weight gain rate as the evaluation index, and the optimal amount of VB6 addition to the feed was 9.89 mg/kg with survival rate after post-air exposure as the evaluation index.

Key words: juvenile largemouth bass; VB6; growth performance; biochemical indicators; antioxidant capacity

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