中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 639-647.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.02.012

• 营养与饲料 • 上一篇    下一篇

饲粮添加槲皮万寿菊素对母兔繁殖性能及其仔兔生长的影响

王陈君1,2(), 于洪基1,2, 赵静1,2, 王运赵1,2, 殷欣彤1,2, 王迪3, 吴英杰1,2, 刘宁1,2(), 秦应和1,2()   

  1. 1.中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室,北京 100193
    2.中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,畜禽育种国家工程实验室,北京 100193
    3.国家开放大学农林医药学院,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-26 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-01-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘宁,秦应和 E-mail:13508577090@163.com;dadaliu@cau.edu.cn;qinyinghe@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王陈君,E-mail : 13508577090@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十四五”国家重点研发项目(2023YFD1302005);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-43);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2025TC011)

Effects of Dietary Quercetagetin on Reproductive Performance of Female Rabbits and Growth of Offspring

WANG Chenjun1,2(), YU Hongji1,2, ZHAO Jing1,2, WANG Yunzhao1,2, YIN Xintong1,2, WANG Di3, WU Yingjie1,2, LIU Ning1,2(), QIN Yinghe1,2()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China
    2.National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China
    3.School of Agroforestry and Medicine,The Open University of China,Beijing 100081,China
  • Received:2025-05-26 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-01-27
  • Contact: LIU Ning, QIN Yinghe E-mail:13508577090@163.com;dadaliu@cau.edu.cn;qinyinghe@cau.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 探究饲粮中添加槲皮万寿菊素(quercetagetin, QG)对母兔繁殖性能及其仔兔生长性能的影响,明确QG的适宜添加量,并进一步探究QG的适宜添加妊娠阶段。 方法 试验一选取460只体重和胎次(2~3胎)相近的伊拉母兔,随机分为5组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,QG100、QG200、QG400、QG600组分别在基础饲粮的基础上添加100、200、400、600 mg/kg QG。试验自母兔配种前6 d至分娩后35 d(仔兔断奶)结束。试验二选取276只体重和胎次相近的伊拉母兔,随机分为3组,包括对照组(基础饲粮)、妊娠前期组(妊娠0~12 d)及妊娠中后期组(妊娠13~30 d),其中妊娠前期组和妊娠中后期组在母兔基础饲粮中添加试验一筛选出的适宜添加剂量的QG。试验记录并分析受胎率、分娩率、窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、死胎数、初生总窝重、初生活仔窝重以及7、14、21和35日龄仔兔数和窝重。 结果 试验一的结果表明,与对照组相比,饲粮添加QG显著提高妊娠母兔的平均日采食量(P<0.05);QG200和QG400组母兔窝产仔数、综合产活仔数、产活仔数、初生总窝重、初生活仔窝重、7、14、21 d窝仔兔数和7 d仔兔窝重均显著提高(P<0.05);QG600组母兔受胎率和窝产活仔数也显著提高(P<0.05)。试验二的结果表明,与对照组相比,妊娠中后期组母兔综合窝产仔数、综合产活仔数、初生总窝重、初生活仔窝重、7 d仔兔窝重和仔兔均重以及14 d仔兔窝重均显著提高(P<0.05);妊娠前期组的7 d仔兔窝重和仔兔均重也显著提高(P<0.05)。 结论 饲粮中添加400 mg/kg QG能显著改善母兔的繁殖性能及其仔兔的生长性能,且在妊娠中后期母兔饲粮中添加效果最佳。

关键词: 槲皮万寿菊素; 母兔; 繁殖性能; 生长性能; 妊娠阶段

Abstract:

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetagetin(QG) supplementation in the diet on the reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth performance of offspring, as well as to screen optimal dosage and gestational stage of QG supplementation for rabbits. Method In experiment 1, 460 Hyla female rabbits with similar parity(2-3 parity) and body weight were randomly divided into five groups. The rabbits in control group were fed a basal diet, while in the QG100, QG200, QG400, and QG600 groups were respectively fed basal diets supplemented with 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of QG. The test diets were administered from 6 d before female rabbits mating until 35 d postpartum (weaning of suckling rabbits). In experiment 2, 276 Hyla female rabbits with similar parity and body weight were randomly divided into three groups, including the control group (basal diet), the pre-gestation group (0-12 d of gestation), and the mid-late gestation group (13-30 d of gestation), and female rabbits in pre-gestation group and the mid-late gestation group were fed with diet supplemented with the appropriate additive dosage selected from experiment 1. Conception rate, farrowing rate, litter size, number of live born kits per Litter, stillbirth size, litter weight, and live litter weight, as well as the litter size and litter weight at 7, 14, 21, and 35 d were recorded and analyzed. Result The results of experiment 1 showed that QG supplementation significantly enhanced the average daily feed intake compared with control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, 200 and 400 mg/kg QG supplementation markedly improved litter size, total number of kits born alive, number of live born kits per Litter, total litter weight, litter weight born alive, average litter size at 7 d, 14 d, and 21 d, and litter weight of rabbits at 7 d compared with control group (P<0.05). In addition, 600 mg/kg QG supplementation elevated conception rate and live litter size (P<0.05). The results of experiment 2 showed that QG supplementation during mid-late gestation significantly improved combined litter size, total litter size at birth,total number of kits born alive, and total litter weight, litter weight at 7 d, and average litter weight of rabbits, as well as litter weight at 14 d compared with the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, QG supplementation during pre-gestation significantly enhanced litter weight and average litter weight at 7 d (P<0.05). Conclusion Adding 400 mg/kg QG to the diet significantly improved the reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth performance of their offspring,and it was better when supplementation occurred during mid-late gestation.

Key words: quercetagetin; female rabbit; reproductive performance; growth performance; gestational stage

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