大口黑鲈稚鱼对维生素B6需求量的研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.01.017

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin B₆ （VB₆） contents on the growth performance， biochemical parameters， and digestive and antioxidant capacity in juvenile largemouth bass （Micropterus salmoides）， and determine the optimal dietary VB₆ requirement， providing nutrient requirements parameters and theoretical basis for the development of formulated feed in juvenile largemouth bass. Method A total of 2 400 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of （92.50±0.28）mg were randomly divided into six groups： P0 （control group）， P1， P2， P3， P4， and P5， with four replicates per group and 100 fish per replicate， which were fed six types of formulated feed containing 3.66， 9.89， 17.80， 31.03， 46.36， and 58.91 mg/kg VB₆， respectively， for a 30 days culture period. After the test， the effects of VB₆ on the growth performance， biochemical parameters， and digestive and antioxidant capacity in juvenile largemouth bass were measured， and the water stress test was carried out. Result The weight gain and specific growth rates of juvenile largemouth bass in P1 group were significantly higher than those in P4 and P5 groups （P<0.05）， and there was no significant difference in feed coefficient （P>0.05）. The crude protein content of juvenile largemouth bass in P4 group was significantly higher than that in P2 group （P<0.05）， the crude fat content was significantly lower than that in P0， P1， and P3 groups （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the contents of glucose and triglycerides， and alanine aminotransferase activity in visceral mass of juvenile largemouth bass in each group （P>0.05）. The aspartate aminotransferase activity in P4 and P5 groups was significantly higher than that in P0 group （P<0.05）. The intestinal muscular thickness of juvenile largemouth bass in P2， P3， and P5 groups was significantly lower than that in P0 group （P<0.05）. The activities of trypsin and α-amylase in P4 and P5 groups were significantly lower than those in P0 group （P<0.05）， while the lipase activity in P1 group was significantly higher than that in other groups （P<0.05）. The survival rate of juvenile largemouth bass in P2-P5 groups was significantly lower than that in P1 group post-air-exposure stress （P<0.05）， the total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） activity in visceral mass was significantly lower than that in P0 and P1 groups （P<0.05）， and the catalase （CAT） activity was significantly lower than that in P0 group （P<0.05）. The malondialdehyde （MDA） content in P3 group was significantly lower than that in P0 group （P<0.05）. Compared with pre-air-exposure stress， the T-SOD activity and MDA content in visceral mass of juvenile largemouth bass in each group were significantly increased post-air-exposure stress （P<0.05）， while CAT activity only significantly increased in P0-P2 groups （P<0.05）. Conclusion Under the conditions of this experiment， line regression analysis showed that the VB₆ requirement of juvenile largemouth bass in feed was 5.34 mg/kg using weight gain rate as the evaluation index， and the optimal amount of VB₆ addition to the feed was 9.89 mg/kg with survival rate after post-air exposure as the evaluation index.

Key words: juvenile largemouth bass; VB₆; growth performance; biochemical indicators; antioxidant capacity

CLC Number:

S963.73⁺1

LIANG Haohui, QIN Yao, XIONG Pan, CAO Junming, CAI Jia, HU Junru, CHEN Xiaoying, WANG Guoxia. Study on Vitamin B₆ Requirements of Juvenile Largemouth Bass （Micropterus salmoides）[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(1): 190-200.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 35

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项目 Items	含量 Contents
组成 Ingredients
酶解鸡肉粉 Fermented chicken meal	10.00
鱼粉 Peru fish meal	32.00
南极磷虾粉 Antarctic krill meal	10.00
玉米蛋白粉 Corn gluten meal	10.00
发酵豆粕 Fermented soybean meal	10.00
面粉 Wheat flour	5.79
三藻胶 Alginates	3.00
鱼油∶大豆卵磷脂（7∶8） Fish oil∶Soybean phospholipids （7∶8）	15.00
蛋氨酸 Met	0.96
预混料 Premix^①	3.25
合计 Total	100.00
营养成分 Nutrient components^②
总能 TE/（MJ/kg）	20.69
粗蛋白质 CP	49.84
粗脂肪 EE	14.90
粗灰分 Ash	11.08

项目 Items	组别 Groups
项目 Items	P0	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5
初始体重 IBW/mg	92.50±0.28	92.50±0.28	92.50±0.28	92.50±0.28	92.50±0.28	92.50±0.28
终末体重 FBW/g	1.68±0.12^ab	1.83±0.08^b	1.54±0.09^ab	1.51±0.16^ab	1.47±0.00^a	1.48±0.02^a
增重率 WGR/%	1 763.34±133.53^ab	1 929.95±90.16^b	1 605.86±99.32^ab	1 578.11±182.37^ab	1 537.35±3.50^a	1 540.22±22.13^a
特定生长率 SGR/（%/d）	9.72±0.25^ab	10.03±0.14^b	9.44±0.19^ab	9.33±0.40^ab	9.32±0.01^a	9.32±0.05^a
饲料系数 FCR	1.30±0.20	1.04±0.22	1.05±0.13	1.05±0.13	1.12±0.22	1.07±0.13
存活率 SR/%	72.00±7.56	76.75±9.29	81.00±7.35	83.75±5.01	80.00±9.00	79.50±4.79
脏体比 VSI/%	9.85±0.32	9.42±0.21	9.22±0.40	10.09±0.49	9.07±0.31	9.91±0.20
肥满度 CF/（g/cm³）	1.87±0.03	1.88±0.03	1.90±0.04	1.90±0.03	1.83±0.03	1.89±0.03
水分Moisture/%	78.87±0.31	78.44±0.61	79.46±0.58	78.74±0.58	79.01±0.38	78.15±0.10
粗蛋白质 CP/%	13.05±0.20^ab	12.49±0.30^ab	12.13±0.66^a	12.55±0.17^ab	13.39±0.22^b	13.01±0.17^ab
粗脂肪 EE/%	5.59±0.16^b	5.65±0.22^b	4.95±0.25^ab	5.40±0.20^b	4.48±0.32^a	5.07±0.14^ab
粗灰分 Ash%	2.80±0.09	2.74±0.09	2.63±0.07	2.67±0.07	2.84±0.05	2.85±0.05

项目 Items	组别 Groups
项目 Items	P0	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5
葡萄糖 GLU/（mmol/g prot）	15.94±4.64	23.58±3.86	15.48±1.36	19.54±4.17	17.36±5.0	16.84±3.53
甘油三酯 TG/（mmol/g prot）	0.02±0.00	0.03±0.00	0.03±0.00	0.03±0.00	0.03±0.00	0.02±0.0
谷丙转氨酶 ALT/（U/g prot）	6.26±0.77	4.06±0.41	4.89±0.79	5.17±0.45	5.03±0.94	4.81±0.21
谷草转氨酶 AST/（U/g prot）	2.34±0.11^a	4.66±1.15^ab	4.84±1.04^ab	5.07±0.3^ab	6.19±1.64^bc	8.67±1.04^c

项目 Items	组别 Groups
项目 Items	P0	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5
绒毛宽度 Villus width	61.60±3.76	58.57±9.26	58.75±5.40	63.41±3.77	71.55±2.43	70.43±6.21
绒毛长度 Villus length	316.77±53.88	278.26±12.81	265.40±13.44	264.77±32.51	253.14±47.32	294.36±17.06
肌层厚度 Muscular thickness	64.66±5.41^b	55.27±2.69^ab	46.50±6.66^a	41.66±4.16^a	48.73±6.26^ab	45.82±3.66^a

项目 Items	组别 Groups
项目 Items	P0	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5
胰蛋白酶 Protease/ （U/mg prot）	4 615.15±625.94^c	4 349.98±217.62^bc	3 643.25±642.74^abc	2 945.1±710.64^abc	2 323.38±326.7^a	2 761.96±326.6^ab
脂肪酶 Lipase/ （U/g prot）	271.90±13.05^a	450.97±21.64^b	223.21±57.64^a	194.62±34.06^a	238.66±46.68^a	230.81±52.29^a
α-淀粉酶 α-amylase/ （U/mg prot）	0.16±0.03^b	0.12±0.01^ab	0.11±0.01^ab	0.12±0.02^ab	0.08±0.01^a	0.09±0.01^a

Study on Vitamin B₆ Requirements of Juvenile Largemouth Bass （Micropterus salmoides）

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项目 Items	组别 Groups
项目 Items	P0	P1	P2	P3	P4	P5
胁迫前 Pre-air-exposure
总超氧化物歧化酶 T-SOD/ （U/mg prot）	105.12±29.29^b	81.12±14.37^ab	74.75±10.96^ab	68.04±8.54^ab	41.53±16.72^a	65.44±4.40^ab
过氧化氢酶 CAT/ （U/mg prot）	0.53±0.09^b	0.43±0.02^ab	0.38±0.02^ab	0.45±0.07^ab	0.30±0.04^a	0.40±0.02^ab
丙二醛 MDA/ （nmol/mg prot）	8.20±1.09	8.89±1.63	6.34±0.39	7.07±0.72	6.42±0.75	6.79±0.55
碱性磷酸酶 AKP/ （U/mg prot）	52.81±8.05	49.09±2.28	44.31±5.09	48.10±4.99	37.89±5.59	51.20±5.89
胁迫后 Post-air-exposure
总超氧化物歧化酶 T-SOD / （U/mg prot）	199.73±16.23^b*	205.18±20.50^b*	153.02±1.02^a*	154.68±6.37^a*	157.24±3.65^a*	150.07±17.47^a*
过氧化氢酶 CAT/ （U/mg prot）	1.20±0.08^b*	1.01±0.08^ab*	0.76±0.06^a*	0.77±0.19^a	0.77±0.17^a	0.65±0.13^a
丙二醛 MDA/ （nmol/mg prot）	26.58±1.56^b*	22.58±3.96^ab*	18.95±0.59^ab*	16.84±1.93^a*	18.77±0.28^ab*	19.21±3.27^ab*
碱性磷酸酶 AKP/ （U/mg prot）	20.49±1.57^*	22.95±5.20^*	17.15±3.08^*	31.63±11.39	26.21±0.66	18.20±3.14^*

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Study on Vitamin B6 Requirements of Juvenile Largemouth Bass （Micropterus salmoides）

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Study on Vitamin B₆ Requirements of Juvenile Largemouth Bass （Micropterus salmoides）