稀土壳糖胺螯合盐对生长育肥猪生长性能、养分消化率、血清指标和粪便菌群结构的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.02.025

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with rare earth-chitosan chelate （RECC） on growth performance， nutrient digestibility， serum parameters， and fecal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs. Method Eighty healthy “Landrace×Rongchang” crossbred pigs with similar body weight （56.17 kg±0.05 kg） were randomly divided into 2 groups with 5 replicates per group and 8 pigs per replicate （half male and half female）. The pigs in control group were received a basal diet， while in the experimental group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg RECC. The trial period included a 3‑day adaptation period and a 34‑day experimental period. Pigs were weighted on an empty stomach at the beginning and end of the experiment， and daily feed intake was recorded. On the final day， feed， fecal， and blood samples were collected to determine growth performance， nutrient digestibility， serum biochemical indices， antioxidant capacity， hormone levels， and fecal microbial composition. Result Compared with control group， ①The final body weight and average daily gain of growing-finishing pigs in experimental group showed a tendency to increase， and the feed-to-gain ratio showed a tendency to reduce （0.05≤P<0.10）； ②Apparent digestibility of crude protein of growing-finishing pigs in experimental group was extremely significantly increased （P<0.01）， while apparent digestibility of total phosphorus was tended to increase （0.05≤P<0.10）； ③Serum biochemical indices of growing-finishing pigs in experimental group had no significant effects （P>0.05）， but the serum total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） activity were significantly increased （P<0.05）， and the content of malondialdehyde（MDA）was significantly reduced （P<0.05）； ④The levels of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1） and growth hormone（GH） of growing-finishing pigs in experimental group were extremely significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the level of tetriodothyronine （T₄） was significantly increased （P<0.05）； ⑤Shannon index of fecal microbiota of growing-finishing pigs in experimental group was tended to increase （0.05≤P<0.10）， Beta diversity showed obvious spatial separation in two treatment groups， and the relative abundance of Spirochaetota at the phylum level was significantly reduced （P<0.05）. Conclusion Under the conditions of this study， dietary supplementation with 200 mg/kg RECC improved nutrient digestibility， enhanced serum antioxidant capacity and hormone levels， and modulated the diversity and composition of gut microbiota， thereby promoting the growth and development of growing-finishing pigs. These findings provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the application of RECC in pig production.

Key words: rare earth-chitosan chelate; growing-finishing pigs; growth performance; digestibility of nutrients; serum indices; fecal microbiota

CLC Number:

S815

LUO Qi, LONG Dingbiao, WANG Jing, XIAO Rong, WANG Qi. Effects of Rare Earth-chitosan Chelate on Growth Performance， Digestibility of Nutrients， Serum Indices and Fecal Microbiota of Growing-finishing Pigs[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(2): 787-797.

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References 30

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原料Ingredients	含量Contents	营养成分Nutrient components^②	含量Contents
玉米 Corn	69.15	消化能 DE/（MJ/kg）	13.77
小麦麸 Wheat bran	16.45	粗蛋白质 CP	12.97
豆粕 Soybean meal （CP 43%）	11.60	钙 Ca	0.55
磷酸氢钙 Calcium phosphate	0.20	有效磷 AP	0.20
石粉 Limestone	0.70	标准回肠可消化赖氨酸 SID Lys	0.63
大豆油 Soybean oil	0.10	标准回肠可消化蛋氨酸 SID Met	0.20
磷酸氢钙 CaHPO₄	0.55	标准回肠可消化苏氨酸 SID Thr	0.42
氯化钠 NaCl	0.30	标准回肠可消化色氨酸 SID Trp	0.12
石粉 Limestone	1.04	标准回肠可消化蛋+胱氨酸 SID Met+Cys	0.41
L-赖氨酸盐酸盐 L-Lys HCl （98%）	0.10
L-色氨酸 L-Trp （98%）	0.01
预混料 Premix^①	0.70
合计 Total	100.00

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验组 Experimental group	P值 P-value
初始体重 IBW/kg	56.17±0.09	56.17±0.06	1.000
终末体重 FBW/kg	80.44±0.72	82.60±0.98	0.092
平均日增重 ADG/kg	0.71±0.01	0.78±0.03	0.098
平均日采食量 ADFI/kg	2.35±0.01	2.34±0.01	0.522
料重比 F/G	3.30±0.01	3.02±0.11	0.075

项目	对照组	试验组	P值
Items	Control group	Experimental group	P-value
粗灰分 Ash	45.87±0.85	44.69±5.92	0.850
粗纤维 CF	39.98±4.68	43.26±2.82	0.570
粗脂肪 EE	66.03±4.09	69.73±0.45	0.403
粗蛋白质 CP	83.14±0.42	87.58±0.27	<0.001
总磷 TP	46.22±0.13	46.72±0.17	0.058
钙 Ca	42.68±0.33	42.90±0.13	0.555

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验组 Experimental group	P值 P-value
葡萄糖 GLU/（mmol/L）	3.00±0.18	3.31±0.15	0.217
尿素氮 UN/（mmol/L）	4.07±0.46	3.65±0.56	0.580
总胆固醇 TC/（mmol/L）	2.64±0.15	2.29±0.16	0.136
甘油三酯 TG/（mmol/L）	0.40±0.04	0.41±0.06	0.892
高密度脂蛋白 HDL/（mmol/L）	1.21±0.10	1.18±0.08	0.821
低密度脂蛋白 LDL/（mmol/L）	1.08±0.06	0.93±0.05	0.117
总蛋白 TP/（g/L）	70.07±2.17	68.58±1.04	0.552
白蛋白 ALB/（g/L）	36.88±0.87	35.80±0.71	0.372
球蛋白 GLB/（g/L）	33.18±1.89	32.70±1.24	0.843
白球比 ALB/GLB	1.13±0.06	1.08±0.06	0.550

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验组 Experimental group	P值 P-value
超氧化物歧化酶 SOD/（U/mL）	192.62±6.46	196.83±2.61	0.560
总抗氧化能力 T-AOC/（nmol/mL）	1.00±0.05	1.28±0.09	0.024
过氧化氢酶 CAT/（U/mL）	3.58±0.50	3.79±0.40	0.754
丙二醛 MDA/（nmol/mL）	5.66±0.58	3.75±0.50	0.040
谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 GSH-Px/（U/mL）	1 200.00±103.60	1 629.46±82.09	0.012
还原型谷胱甘肽 GSH/（μg/mL）	152.53±27.66	146.71±22.88	0.856

Effects of Rare Earth-chitosan Chelate on Growth Performance， Digestibility of Nutrients， Serum Indices and Fecal Microbiota of Growing-finishing Pigs

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项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验组 Experimental group	P值 P-value
胰岛素样生长因子-1 IGF-1	159.45±2.92	256.73±9.43	<0.001
生长激素 GH	3.99±0.20	6.23±0.19	<0.001
三碘甲腺原氨酸 T₃	0.91±0.02	1.01±0.08	0.244
四碘甲腺原氨酸 T₄	12.01±0.24	13.36±0.46	0.027

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验组 Experimental group	P值 P-value
Ace指数 Ace index	1 043.48±25.82	1 077.51±37.78	0.471
Chao1指数 Chao1 index	1 035.72±25.87	1 070.18±37.53	0.464
香侬指数 Shannon index	6.89±0.09	7.52±0.32	0.081
辛普森指数 Simpson index	0.96±0.01	0.98±0.01	0.195

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验组 Experimental group	P值 P-value
门水平 Phylum level
厚壁菌门 Firmicutes	47.88±3.41	50.01±3.07	0.452
拟杆菌门 Bacteroidota	35.71±1.80	31.12±1.92	0.441
螺旋体门 Spirochaetota	11.55±1.42	6.98±1.90	0.031
属水平 Genus level
未分类p-251-o5 Unclassified p-251-o5	10.75±1.30	9.33±1.38	0.605
密螺旋体属 Treponema	11.45±1.41	6.89±0.39	0.019
乳酸菌属 Lactobacillus	6.36±1.19	6.60±0.95	0.952

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