饲粮添加槲皮万寿菊素对母兔繁殖性能及其仔兔生长的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.02.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of quercetagetin（QG） supplementation in the diet on the reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth performance of offspring， as well as to screen optimal dosage and gestational stage of QG supplementation for rabbits. Method In experiment 1， 460 Hyla female rabbits with similar parity（2-3 parity） and body weight were randomly divided into five groups. The rabbits in control group were fed a basal diet， while in the QG100， QG200， QG400， and QG600 groups were respectively fed basal diets supplemented with 100， 200， 400， and 600 mg/kg of QG. The test diets were administered from 6 d before female rabbits mating until 35 d postpartum （weaning of suckling rabbits）. In experiment 2， 276 Hyla female rabbits with similar parity and body weight were randomly divided into three groups， including the control group （basal diet）， the pre-gestation group （0-12 d of gestation）， and the mid-late gestation group （13-30 d of gestation）， and female rabbits in pre-gestation group and the mid-late gestation group were fed with diet supplemented with the appropriate additive dosage selected from experiment 1. Conception rate， farrowing rate， litter size， number of live born kits per Litter， stillbirth size， litter weight， and live litter weight， as well as the litter size and litter weight at 7， 14， 21， and 35 d were recorded and analyzed. Result The results of experiment 1 showed that QG supplementation significantly enhanced the average daily feed intake compared with control group （P<0.05）. Furthermore， 200 and 400 mg/kg QG supplementation markedly improved litter size， total number of kits born alive， number of live born kits per Litter， total litter weight， litter weight born alive， average litter size at 7 d， 14 d， and 21 d， and litter weight of rabbits at 7 d compared with control group （P<0.05）. In addition， 600 mg/kg QG supplementation elevated conception rate and live litter size （P<0.05）. The results of experiment 2 showed that QG supplementation during mid-late gestation significantly improved combined litter size， total litter size at birth，total number of kits born alive， and total litter weight， litter weight at 7 d， and average litter weight of rabbits， as well as litter weight at 14 d compared with the control group （P<0.05）. Moreover， QG supplementation during pre-gestation significantly enhanced litter weight and average litter weight at 7 d （P<0.05）. Conclusion Adding 400 mg/kg QG to the diet significantly improved the reproductive performance of female rabbits and the growth performance of their offspring，and it was better when supplementation occurred during mid-late gestation.

Key words: quercetagetin; female rabbit; reproductive performance; growth performance; gestational stage

CLC Number:

S816.7

WANG Chenjun, YU Hongji, ZHAO Jing, WANG Yunzhao, YIN Xintong, WANG Di, WU Yingjie, LIU Ning, QIN Yinghe. Effects of Dietary Quercetagetin on Reproductive Performance of Female Rabbits and Growth of Offspring[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(2): 639-647.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

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Table 6

References 30

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原料Ingredients	含量Contents	营养成分Nutrient components^②	含量Contents
玉米Corn	12.00	消化能Digestible energy/（MJ/Kg）	11.30
次粉Middlings	5.00	干物质Dry matter	91.50
玉米皮Corn husk	5.00	粗蛋白质Crude protein	18.69
小麦麸Wheat bran	8.50	粗脂肪Crude fat	3.37
大豆油Soybean oil	1.50	粗纤维Crude fiber	16.13
大豆粕Soybean meal	14.00	中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber	37.74
菜籽粕Rapeseed meal	6.00	酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber	21.23
黑啤酒糟 Brewer’s spent grain	9.00	粗灰分Crude ash	8.72
玉米胚芽粕Corn germ meal	6.50	盐Sodium chloride	0.45
青蒿粉Artemisia annua powder	1.50	钙Calcium	1.12
稻壳粉Rice husk powder	6.00	磷Phosphorus	0.77
花生壳粉Peanut shell powder	5.00	赖氨酸Lysine	0.92
艾杆粉 Artemisia argyi powder	7.00	总蛋氨酸Methionine	0.44
羊草 Leymus chinensis	8.00	苏氨酸Threonine	0.62
预混料Premix^①	5.00	酸性洗涤木质素Acid detergent lignin	5.60
合计 Total	100.00

时间 Time	对照组 Control group	QG100组 QG100 group	QG200组 QG200 group	QG400组 QG400 group	QG600组 QG600 group
妊娠前期Early gestation	345.2±20.34^b	358.2±16.21^ab	364.9±16.07^a	367.7±18.48^a	354.5±11.24^ab
妊娠中期Middle gestation	449.5±17.20^b	473.0±14.98^a	476.7±13.57^a	472.6±16.99^a	459.5±12.27^b
妊娠后期Late gestation	253.3±11.07^b	256.5±12.50^b	257.9±11.67^ab	268.1±10.47^a	264.1±12.15^ab
妊娠期Gestation	280.8±8.94^c	287.7±6.43^ab	289.5±10.50^ab	298.6±6.68^a	306.7±8.73^a
哺乳期Lactation	428.6±13.95^b	430.4±15.40^ab	429.6±13.26^ab	443.9±15.80^a	435.4±17.58^ab

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	QG100组 QG100 group	QG200组 QG200 group	QG400组 QG400 group	QG600组 QG600 group
受胎率 Conception rate/%	65.9^b	69.9^b	67.9^b	73.0^b	80.0^a
分娩率 Farrowing rate/%	74.1	72.4	84.2	76.9	70.0
窝产仔数 Litter size/只	8.3±0.47^b	8.6±0.50^b	9.4±0.49^a	9.3±0.47^a	8.5±0.50^b
窝产活仔数 Number of live born kits per litter/只	7.8±0.43^c	8.0±0.41^b	8.9±0.34^a	8.9±0.45^a	7.9±0.58^bc
综合窝产仔数 Total litter size at birth/只	6.2±0.35^c	6.2±0.36^c	7.9±0.41^a	7.1±0.36^b	6.0±0.35^c
综合产活仔数 Total number of kits born alive/只	5.7±0.31^c	5.8±0.29^c	7.4±0.29^a	6.8±0.34^b	5.6±0.40^c
窝产死胎数 Stillborn kits per litter/个	0.6±0.56	0.5±0.50	0.5±0.57	0.4±0.56	0.6±0.56
初生总窝重 Total litter weight/g	544.7±30.14^c	547.3±29.58^c	566.3±32.10^b	591.3±33.19^a	553.3±29.04^c
初生活仔窝重 Litter weight born alive/g	528.3±25.06^c	531.3±27.25^c	549.3±33.00^b	576.7±35.65^a	537.3±28.27^c
初生活仔均重 Average weight of kits born alive/g	68.0±2.78	66.2±2.26	61.9±3.10	64.6±2.94	67.8±2.47

日龄 Days	项目 Items	对照组 Control group	QG100组 QG100 group	QG200组 QG200 group	QG400组 QG400 group	QG600组 QG600 group
7	窝仔兔数 Number of kits alive/只	7.5±0.51^b	7.7±0.48^b	8.3±0.45^a	8.4±0.50^a	7.7±0.45^b
	仔兔窝重 Litter weight/g	857.3±33.48^b	871.3±44.05^b	922.0±39.49^a	946.7±51.64^a	864.0±53.42^b
	仔兔均重 Average kit weight/g	114.2±10.63	116.7±9.01	111.9±8.18	113.0±8.68	111.9±6.42
14	窝仔兔数 Number of kits alive/只	7.5±0.51^b	7.6±0.50^b	8.1±0.35^a	8.3±0.45^a	7.5±0.51^b
	仔兔窝重 Litter weight/g	1 828.7±127.55	1 817.3±112.02	1 846.7±81.91	1 857.3±88.75	1 831.3±124.72
	仔兔均重 Average kit weight/g	246.0±24.65	240.1±21.50	227.6±16.13	225.5±18.46	244.6±27.64
21	窝仔兔数 Number of kits alive/只	7.3±0.45^c	7.4±0.50^bc	7.7±0.45^ab	7.8±0.41^a	7.3±0.48^c
	仔兔窝重 Litter weight/g	2 563.3±161.31^b	2 606.0±102.94^ab	2 646.0±121.76^ab	2 682.7±135.67^a	2 636.7±152.39^ab
	仔兔均重 Average kit weight/g	354.4±35.13	353.8±29.48	342.8±16.77	345.0±27.44	360.7±27.08
35	窝仔兔数 Number of kits alive/只	6.8±0.41^c	6.9±0.52^bc	7.2±0.41^ab	7.3±0.45^a	7.1±0.52^abc
	仔兔窝重 Litter weight/g	5 376.7±221.28^c	5 439.3±255.58^bc	5 580.7±284.49^ab	5 697.3±252.65^a	5 574.7±308.69^ab
	仔兔均重 Average kit weight/g	793.0±50.28	786.0±56.13	777.9±64.92	787.2±63.35	789.9±42.64

项目 Items	对照组 Control group	妊娠前期组 Early gestation group	妊娠中后期组 Mid-late gestation group
受胎率 Conception rate/%	87.2	85.4	86.9
分娩率 Farrowing rate/%	85.3	88.2	89.0
窝产仔数 Litter size/只	10.4±0.50	10.5±0.51	10.5±0.51
窝产活仔数Number of live born kits per litter/只	10.1±0.51	10.3±0.48	10.3±0.59
综合窝产仔数 Total litter size at birth/只	7.7±0.37^b	7.6±0.37^b	8.8±0.43^a
综合产活仔数Total number of kits born alive/只	7.5±0.38^b	7.4±0.35^b	8.6±0.49^a
窝产死胎数Stillborn kits per litter/个	0.3±0.45	0.2±0.41	0.2±0.41
初生总窝重Total litter weight/g	627.3±37.31^b	650.0±30.93^ab	658.7±37.20^a
初生活仔窝重Litter weight born alive/g	616.7±29.19^b	639.3±34.94^ab	651.3±39.07^a
初生活仔均重Average weight of kits born alive/g	61.0±4.85	62.0±4.99	63.7±6.04

Effects of Dietary Quercetagetin on Reproductive Performance of Female Rabbits and Growth of Offspring

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日龄 Days	项目 Items	对照组 Control group	妊娠前期 Early gestation group	妊娠中后期 Mid-late gestation group
7	窝仔兔数 Number of kits alive/只	8.3±0.45	8.3±0.48	8.1±0.35
	仔兔窝重 Litter weight/g	1 066.7±64.21^b	1 112.7±59.81^a	1 123.3±58.75^a
	仔兔均重 Average kit weight/g	129.3±9.26^b	132.9±10.51^ab	138.3±8.38^a
14	窝仔兔数 Number of kits alive/只	8.1±0.35	8.2±0.56	8.0±0.37
	仔兔窝重 Litter weight/g	2 019.3±140.53^b	2 082.7±97.42^ab	2 128.0±165.58^a
	仔兔均重 Average kit weight/g	248.0±20.75^b	251.9±20.15^ab	266.8±27.11^a
21	窝仔兔数 Number of kits alive/只	7.7±0.45	7.7±0.48	7.8±0.41
	仔兔窝重 Litter weight/g	2 860.7±87.13	2 930.7±109.77	2 892.7±101.66
	仔兔均重 Average kit weight/g	371.2±26.34	384.4±29.09	372.2±29.66
35	窝仔兔数 Number of kits alive/只	6.9±0.35	6.9±0.25	6.8±0.41
	仔兔窝重 Litter weight/g	5 195.3±297.89	5 235.3±178.52	5 313.3±115.11
	仔兔均重 Average kit weight/g	757.9±49.02	758.4±29.45	784.5±57.04

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[3]	Qin BAI, Xiaolin LUO, Kaiyuan SHANG, Jiuqiang GUAN, Haiquan HUA, Chunxi XU, Tianwu AN, Hongwen ZHAO, Yuting GOU, Xiangfei ZHANG. Effect of Seasonal Differential Feeding of Full Year on Growth Performance， Serum Biochemistry Indicators and Feeding Benefits of Yaks [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(2): 735-748.
[4]	Qi LUO, Dingbiao LONG, Jing WANG, Rong XIAO, Qi WANG. Effects of Rare Earth-chitosan Chelate on Growth Performance， Digestibility of Nutrients， Serum Indices and Fecal Microbiota of Growing-finishing Pigs [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(2): 787-797.
[5]	Zhenzhen JI, Pu CHENG, Lei XI, Tongshuai LIU, Yongfen WANG. Effects of Eucalyptus globulus Essential Oil on Growth Performance， Serum Biochemical Indicators， Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Health of Broilers Under Heat Stress [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(1): 136-150.
[6]	Xiaohan WANG, Huiguang WU, Lijing REN, Jiangnan ZHAO, Miao LIN, Jingwen ZHAO. Effects of Glycerol Monolaurate on Growth Performance， Rumen Fermentation Parameters， Serum Biochemical Indices， and Gas Emissions in Dairy Cows [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(1): 179-189.
[7]	Haohui LIANG, Yao QIN, Pan XIONG, Junming CAO, Jia CAI, Junru HU, Xiaoying CHEN, Guoxia WANG. Study on Vitamin B₆ Requirements of Juvenile Largemouth Bass （Micropterus salmoides） [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(1): 190-200.
[8]	Chaoping ZHANG, Meifei LAI, Shunyu ZHANG, Zixu LI, Yuyang GAO, Yingjie WU, Ning LIU, Yinghe QIN. Effects of Dietary Astaxanthin on Reproductive Performance， Antioxidant Capacity of Female Rabbits and Growth of Suckling Rabbits [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(1): 224-232.
[9]	Xiaotong QIU, Bing FU, Lanfen FAN, Donglai ZHOU, Qingrong LI, Dongxu XING. Application of Mulberry Resources in Aquatic Animals [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(1): 49-60.
[10]	CHEN Wanhong, YANG Wenpeng, HUANG Shaohua, ZHU Peiji, JIA Daihan, ZHAO Minmeng, ZHANG Jun, LI Jun, GONG Daoqing. Effects of Different Energy and Protein Levels Diets on the Growth Performance of Offspring of Snowy Mountain Chicken Breeder Hens [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(9): 4057-4068.
[11]	FAN Qiuli, GOU Zhongyong, WANG Yitong, CUI Yan, LUO Qili, YE Jinling, LIN Xiajing, WANG Yibing, JIANG Shouqun. Effects of Fermented Mixed Meal on Growth Performance,Plasma Biochemical Indices and Meat Quality of Medium-growing Yellow-feathered Chickens [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(9): 4069-4081.
[12]	DANG Danqi, KONG Xiaohui, TIAN Haoliang, LIAN Hongxia, GAO Tengyun, ZHANG Liangyu, ZHANG Liyang, FU Tong. Effects of Peanut Vine Compound Extruded Feed on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Composition of Fattening Hu Sheep [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(9): 4082-4093.
[13]	CUI Yan, JIANG Shouqun, FAN Qiuli, LIN Xiajing, DING Fayuan, GAO Kaiguo, GOU Zhongyong. Effects of Whole Wheat-based Diet on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Yellow-feathered Chickens [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(9): 4136-4145.
[14]	CHEN Bo, WANG Difei, YANG Xuexi, LIU Rui, CHEN Lin, LIU Yue, ZHANG Jize, GAO Yang. Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Squalene on Growth Performance,Meat Quality,and Antioxidant Function in Growing-finishing Pigs [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(9): 4146-4154.
[15]	RU Qingyan, WANG Ruibin, CHEN Guifeng, ZHAO Mengqi, LEI Anmin. Effects of Rebaudioside A on the Reproductive System and Reproductive Performance in Female Mice [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(9): 4163-4172.