美系大白猪PTER和CALB2基因多态性与生长性状的关联分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.02.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究磷酸三酯酶相关基因（phosphotriesterase related gene，PTER）和钙结合蛋白2（calbindin 2，CALB2）基因多态性与美系大白猪生长性状之间的相关性，为美系大白猪的生长性状分子育种提供新的标记资源。方法选取385头达100 kg体重的美系大白猪，测定其背膘厚，采集耳组织样品提取DNA后，根据猪参考基因组（Sscrofa 11.1）序列设计引物，通过PCR产物直接测序鉴定美系大白猪群体PTER和CALB2基因的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点，利用POPGENE软件对SNP位点进行遗传多样性分析，并利用SPSS 23.0软件分析其与美系大白猪生长性状的相关性。结果多态性检测结果显示，美系大白猪PTER基因g.45384562 G>C位点存在3种基因型：GG、GC和CC，优势等位基因型为GG（0.5403），优势等位基因为G（0.7468）；CALB2基因g.14391325 G>A位点存在3种基因型：GG、GA 和AA，优势等位基因型为GA（0.4545），优势等位基因为A（0.5545）。群体遗传分析结果表明，PTER和CALB2基因2个SNPs位点的多态信息含量（PIC）分别为0.31和0.37，属中度多态性（0.25<PIC<0.5）。关联分析结果显示，PTER基因g.45384562 G>C位点对美系大白猪校正100 kg体重日龄无显著影响（P>0.05），GG基因型个体的校正100 kg活体背膘厚显著高于GC和CC基因型（P<0.05）；CALB2基因g.14391325 G>A位点对美系大白猪校正100 kg体重日龄及校正100 kg活体背膘厚均存在极显著影响（P<0.01）。联合效应分析表明，PTER基因CC基因型与CALB2基因AA基因型的合并基因型CCAA是与缩短校正100 kg体重日龄和降低校正100 kg活体背膘厚相关的较优基因型组合，其对应个体的这2个性状指标均低于其他个体。结论本研究在美系大白猪群体中鉴定了PTER和CALB2基因的2个SNPs位点，且与生长性状存在显著关联，这2个位点（尤其CCAA合并基因型）在美系大白猪的遗传改良中具有一定的应用前景。

关键词: 美系大白猪; PTER基因; CALB2基因; 校正100 kg体重日龄; 校正100 kg活体背膘厚

Abstract:

Objective This study was aimed to investigate the correlation between phosphotriesterase related gene （PTER） and calbindin 2 （CALB2） gene polymorphisms and growth traits in American Yorkshire pigs， aiming provide new marker resources for molecular breeding of growth traits in this breed. Methods A total of 385 American Yorkshire pigs reaching 100 kg body weight were selected. Backfat thickness was measured， and ear tissue samples were collected for DNA extraction. Primers were designed based on the reference porcine genome sequence （Sscrofa 11.1）. The single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） of PTER and CALB2 genes was identified through direct sequencing of PCR products. Genetic diversity analysis of SNP was performed using POPGENE software， and correlations with growth traits in American Yorkshire pigs were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 software. Result Polymorphism detection results revealed that there were 3 genotypes （GG， GC， and CC） at g.45384562 G>C of PTER gene in American Yorkshire pigs， the dominant genotype was GG （0.5403）， with a dominant allele was G（0.7468）. There were 3 genotypes （GG， GA， and AA） at g.14391325 G>Aof CALB2 gene， with GA as the dominant allele （0.4545） and A as the dominant allele frequency （0.5545）. Population genetic analysis results indicated that the polymorphic information content （PIC） of 2 SNPs of PTER and CALB2 genes was 0.31 and 0.37， respectively， representing moderate polymorphism （0.25<PIC<0.5）. Phenotype association analysis results revealed that g.45384562 G>C of PTER gene had no significant effect on the corrected days to 100 kg in American Yorkshire pigs （P>0.05）. However， the corrected live backfat thickness at 100 kg of GG genotype was significantly higher than that of GC and CC genotypes （P<0.05）. g.14391325 G>A of CALB2 gene was extremely significantly associated with both the corrected days to 100 kg and corrected live backfat thickness at 100 kg in American Yorkshire pigs （P<0.01）. Combined effect analysis indicated that CCAA genotype （combining PTER gene CC genotype and CALB2 gene AA genotype） represented an optimal genotype combination associated with shorter corrected days to 100 kg and reduced corrected live backfat thickness at 100 kg， with corresponding values for both traits being lower than those in other individuals. Conclusion This study identified 2 SNPs of PTER and CALB2 genes and confirmed their significant association with growth traits in American Yorkshire pigs. The results suggested that 2 SNPs （particularly the CCAA combined genotype） hold potential for genetic improvement in American Yorkshire pigs.

Key words: American Yorkshire pigs; PTER gene; CALB2 gene; corrected days to 100 kg; corrected live backfat thickness at 100 kg

中图分类号:

S813.3

许娟, 章会斌, 张晓东, 李庆岗. 美系大白猪PTER和CALB2基因多态性与生长性状的关联分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2026, 53(2): 859-869.

XU Juan, ZHANG Huibin, ZHANG Xiaodong, LI Qinggang. Association Analysis of PTER and CALB2 Gene Polymorphisms with Growth Traits in American Yorkshire pigs[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(2): 859-869.

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基因 Genes	引物序列 Primer sequences （5′→3′）	片段长度 Fragment length/bp	退火温度 Annealing temperature/℃
PTER	F： GTCAAGTTCATAAGTTTTGGCAC	719	58.5
PTER	R： TAGGGCAAGCAGGAAGAGTCAGC	719	58.5
CALB2	F： TGGTGTTCCTCTCTCCCCTG	548	62.8
CALB2	R： CCACTGTCCTCTCGTGTTGA	548	62.8

基因 Genes	基因型频率 Genotype frequency			等位基因频率 Allele frequency		χ²值 χ²value	P值 P-value
PTER	GG	GC	CC	G	C
	0.5403（208）	0.4130（159）	0.0468（18）	0.7468	0.2532	3.2520	0.0713
CALB2	GG	GA	AA	G	A
	0.2182（84）	0.4545（175）	0.3273（126）	0.4455	0.5545	2.4615	0.1167

基因 Genes	多态信息含量 PIC	杂合度 He	有效等位基因数 Ne
PTER	0.31	0.38	1.61
CALB2	0.37	0.49	1.97

合并基因型 Combined genotypes	样本量 N/头	校正100 kg日龄 Corrected days to 100 kg	显著性检验 Significance test
合并基因型 Combined genotypes	样本量 N/头	校正100 kg日龄 Corrected days to 100 kg	GGGG	GGGA	GGAA	GCGG	GCGA	GCAA	CCGG	CCGA	CCAA
GGGG	41	169.1±6.8		0.000^**	0.000^**	0.003^**	0.000^**	0.000^**	0.257	0.023^*	0.000^**
GGGA	99	162.9±8.9	0.000^**		0.001^**	0.756	0.519	0.010^**	0.932	0.675	0.035^*
GGAA	68	158.3±7.7	0.000^**	0.001^**		0.002^**	0.009^**	0.575	0.311	0.292	0.483
GCGG	40	163.4±7.8	0.003^**	0.756	0.002^**		0.423	0.018^*	0.989	0.583	0.031^*
GCGA	68	162.1±8.9	0.000^**	0.519	0.009^**	0.423		0.065	0.797	0.888	0.068
GCAA	51	159.2±9.0	0.000^**	0.010^**	0.575	0.018^*	0.065		0.405	0.445	0.343
CCGG	3	163.3±2.8	0.257	0.932	0.311	0.989	0.797	0.405		0.763	0.204
CCGA	8	161.6±12.7	0.023^*	0.675	0.292	0.583	0.888	0.445	0.763		0.194
CCAA	7	156.0±5.4	0.000^**	0.035^*	0.483	0.031^*	0.068	0.343	0.204	0.194

合并基因型 Combined genotypes	样本量 N/头	校正100 kg 活体背膘厚 Corrected live backfat thickness at 100 kg/mm	显著性检验Significance test
合并基因型 Combined genotypes	样本量 N/头		GGGG	GGGA	GGAA	GCGG	GCGA	GCAA	CCGG	CCGA	CCAA
GGGG	41	12.32±2.03		0.186	0.000^**	0.167	0.007^**	0.000^**	0.144	0.037^*	0.002^**
GGGA	99	11.72±2.08	0.186		0.004^**	0.744	0.064	0.001^**	0.284	0.127	0.010^**
GGAA	68	10.61±2.97	0.000^**	0.004^**		0.048^*	0.340	0.498	0.770	0.777	0.161
GCGG	40	11.58±2.18	0.167	0.744	0.048^*		0.247	0.014^*	0.344	0.197	0.021^*
GCGA	68	11.01±2.58	0.007^**	0.064	0.340	0.247		0.119	0.569	0.471	0.070
GCAA	51	10.31±2.74	0.000^**	0.001^**	0.498	0.014^*	0.119		0.937	0.959	0.284
CCGG	3	10.20±0.74	0.144	0.284	0.770	0.344	0.569	0.937		0.922	0.577
CCGA	8	10.36±1.51	0.037^*	0.127	0.777	0.197	0.471	0.959	0.922		0.383
CCAA	7	9.26±1.90	0.002^**	0.010^**	0.161	0.021^*	0.070	0.284	0.577	0.383