补饲微量元素对哺乳期放牧母羊生长性能、血清生化、免疫性能和瘤胃发酵的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.10.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究补饲微量元素(铜、硒、锌和碘)对放牧母羊生长性能、血清生化、免疫性能和瘤胃发酵的影响。【方法】试验选取40只体重相近(42.79 kg±5.72 kg)、胎次相近的哺乳期巴什拜母羊，随机分为5组，每组8个重复，每个重复1只羊。试验设置纯放牧组(CON)、空白对照组(CK)以及微量元素低(L)、中(M)和高水平组(H)。预试期10 d，正试期35 d。试验期开始和结束时，晨饲前对试验羊空腹称重，静脉采血后，测定血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标；采集瘤胃液，测定其pH、氨态氮和挥发性脂肪酸含量。【结果】补饲微量元素提高了母羊平均日增重，但各组间无显著差异(P＞0.05)。与CK组相比，L组羊血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著降低(P＜0.05)，羊血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著升高，肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量显著降低(P＜0.05)。L组羊瘤胃乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著高于H组(P＜0.05)，丙酸和异丁酸含量显著高于M和H组(P＜0.05)。【结论】补饲微量元素能改善哺乳期放牧母羊的抗氧化功能、免疫性能和瘤胃发酵能力。本试验条件下，铜、硒、锌和碘的添加量为5.71、12.46、0.14和1.47 mg/kg时补饲效果最佳。

关键词: 放牧羊; 微量元素; 生长性能; 抗氧化能力; 瘤胃发酵

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementary feeding of trace elements (Cu,Se,Zn and I) on the growth performance,serum biochemical, immune function and rumen fermentation of grazing ewes.【Method】 Forty lactating Bashibai ewes with similar body weight (42.79 kg±5.72 kg) and similar parity were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups,with 8 replicates in each group and 1 ewe in each replicate.The experiment was set up with pure grazing group (CON),blank control group (CK),and low (L),medium (M),and high (H) level groups of trace elements.The pre-test period was 10 days,and the experimental period was 35 days.At the beginning and end of the experimental period,the ewes were weighed fasting in the morning.Blood was collected by vein puncture,and serum biochemical,antioxidant and immune indicators were measured.Rumen fluid was collected to determine pH,ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acid contents.【Result】 Supplementary feeding of trace elements increased the average daily gain of ewes,but there was no significant difference among the groups (P＞0.05).Compared with CK group, the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum of ewes in group L was significantly decreased (P＜0.05), while the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) content in the serum were significantly increased (P＜0.05), and the content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). The contents of acetate and total volatile fatty acids in the rumen of ewes in group L were significantly higher than that in group H (P＜0.05)，the contents of propionate and isobutyrate were significantly higher than those in groups M and H (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Trace element supplementation could improve the antioxidant capacity,immune performance and rumen fermentation in lactating grazing ewes.Under this experimental conditions,the supplementary feeding effect was the best when the addition amounts of Cu,Se,Zn and I were 5.71,12.46,0.14 and 1.47 mg/kg, respectively.

Key words: grazing sheep; trace elements; growth performance; antioxidant capacity; rumen fermentation

中图分类号:

S816.72

武莹莲, 张俊瑜, 卢裕华, 王乐乐, 王彦, 刘艳丰, 秦荣艳, 王文奇. 补饲微量元素对哺乳期放牧母羊生长性能、血清生化、免疫性能和瘤胃发酵的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(10): 4725-4733.

WU Yinglian, ZHANG Junyu, LU Yuhua, WANG Lele, WANG Yan, LIU Yanfeng, QIN Rongyan, WANG Wenqi. Effects of Trace Element Supplementation on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical, Immune Function and Rumen Fermentation in Lactating Grazing Ewes[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(10): 4725-4733.

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