中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 3016-3030.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.005

• 营养与饲料 • 上一篇    下一篇

饲粮中添加桉叶素对蛋鸡和鸡蛋抗氧化能力的影响

李嘉宁1, 蒋志惠1,2, 邢月腾1,2, 马圣明1,2   

  1. 1. 安阳工学院生物与食品工程学院, 安阳 455000;
    2. 河南省药用植物综合利用工程技术研究中心, 安阳 455000
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-08 出版日期:2025-07-05 发布日期:2025-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 蒋志惠 E-mail:jiangzhihui19870326@126.com
  • 作者简介:李嘉宁,E-mail:lijianinglove@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32102744)

Effects of 1, 8-cineole Supplementation in Diet on the Antioxidant Capacity of Laying Hens and Eggs

LI Jianing1, JIANG Zhihui1,2, XING Yueteng1,2, MA Shengming1,2   

  1. 1. College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China;
    2. Henan Medical Plant Comprehensive Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Anyang 455000, China
  • Received:2024-12-08 Online:2025-07-05 Published:2025-07-01

摘要: 【目的】 探究桉叶素对鸡蛋抗氧化指标、代谢成分变化、蛋鸡抗氧化信号通路的影响,为桉叶素在蛋鸡饲粮中的合理利用提供科学依据。【方法】 选取320只产蛋率和体重相近的46周龄海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为2组,每组10个重复,每个重复16只鸡。对照组蛋鸡饲喂基础饲粮,试验组蛋鸡饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加40 mg/kg桉叶素的饲粮。预试期7 d,正试期56 d。正试期每天统计蛋鸡生产性能、测定蛋品质。分别于试验期第7、28、56天采集血样及肝脏组织,并收集鸡蛋,将鸡蛋分为两组,保存在4 ℃冰箱内,分别在30和40 d后取蛋清、蛋黄,用于测定总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量;利用高分辨非靶向代谢组学测定蛋黄中代谢产物种类和相对含量。利用实时荧光定量PCR法检测蛋鸡肝脏中核因子红样2相关因子2(Nrf2)、还原型辅酶/醌氧化还原酶(NQO1)、小肌腱膜纤维肉瘤蛋白(sMaf)和血红素加氧酶(HO-1)基因表达水平。【结果】 与对照组相比,①在试验29~56 d时,试验组蛋鸡产蛋率显著升高(P<0.05),软破蛋率显著降低(P<0.05),平均蛋重、平均日采食量和死淘率均无显著变化(P>0.05)。在试验第28、56天时,试验组鸡蛋哈氏单位数值显著升高(P<0.05),蛋黄比例、蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度均无显著变化(P>0.05)。②在试验第7、28、56天时,试验组鸡蛋蛋黄和蛋清中T-AOC和SOD活性以及蛋黄中GSH活性均显著升高(P<0.05),蛋清中MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05)。③试验组蛋黄代谢产物的相对含量发生变化,正离子模式下显著上调代谢物365种,显著下调代谢物218种;负离子模式下显著上调代谢物105种,显著下调代谢物89种,其中胆碱、牛磺酸等代谢物的表达水平显著升高(P<0.05)。④试验组蛋鸡血清中T-AOC、GSH、SOD活性均显著升高(P<0.05)。⑤试验组蛋鸡肝脏中Nrf2、sMafNQO1基因相对表达量均显著升高(P<0.05)。【结论】 在本试验条件下,饲粮中添加桉叶素可提高鸡蛋和蛋鸡的抗氧化能力,有助于延长鸡蛋的保鲜时间。

关键词: 桉叶素; 蛋鸡; 鸡蛋; 代谢物; 抗氧化能力

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to investigate the effect of 1,8-cineole on antioxidant indexes and alterations in metabolic components of eggs,and antioxidant signaling pathways in laying hens,thereby offering a scientific foundation for the judicious incorporation of 1,8-cineole into the dietary of laying hens. 【Method】 320 Hy-Line Brown laying hens,all 46 weeks old with similar egg production and body weights,were randomly divided into 2 groups,with 10 replicates in each group and 16 chickens in each replicate.Laying hens in control group were fed with basic feed,while hens in experimental group were given the same diet with an addition of 40 mg/kg 1,8-cineole.After a 7-day pre-trial,a 56-day trial followed,during which daily measurements of production performance and egg quality were taken.Blood,liver tissues,and eggs were collected on the 7th,28th,and 56th days of the trial.Eggs were divided into two groups and stored at 4 ℃ for 30 and 40 days,respectively.Albumen,yolk,and serum were analyzed for total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD),glutathione (GSH) activity,and malondialdehyde (MDA) content.High-resolution non-targeted metabolomics analysis was employed to identify the types and relative contents of metabolic products present in egg yolks.Concurrently,Real-time quantitative PCR was utilized to assess the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2),NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1),small Maf proteins (sMaf),and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) genes in liver of laying hens. 【Result】 Compared with control group,①During the experimental period of 29-56 days,the egg laying rate of hens in experimental group was significantly increased (P<0.05),while the soft broken egg rate was significantly decreased (P<0.05).There were no significant changes in average egg weight,average daily feed intake,and mortality rate (P>0.05).Laying hens in experimental group exhibited a statistically significant increase in Haugh unit of eggs on the 28th and 56th days (P<0.05).No significant differences were observed in yolk ratio,egg shape index,and eggshell thickness (P>0.05).②On the 7th,28th,and 56th days,the activities of T-AOC and SOD in both albumen and yolk,as well as GSH activity in yolk,were significantly increased (P<0.05),while MDA content in albumen was significantly decreased (P<0.05).③The metabolite profiles in yolk showed significant alterations,with 365 up-regulated and 218 down-regulated metabolites under positive ion mode,and 105 up-regulated and 89 down-regulated metabolites under negative ion mode.Notably,such as choline and taurine expression were significantly increased (P<0.05).④The T-AOC,and the activities of GSH and SOD in serum of laying eggs were significantly increased (P<0.05).⑤The expression of Nrf2,ssMaf,and NQO1 genes in liver of laying hens were significantly increased (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this experiment,dietary supplementation with 1,8-cineole could enhance the antioxidant capacity of both eggs and laying hens,potentially contributing to an extended shelf life of eggs.

Key words: 1,8-cineole; laying hens; eggs; metabolites; antioxidant capacity

中图分类号: