中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 127-135.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.01.012
收稿日期:2025-05-07
出版日期:2026-01-05
发布日期:2025-12-26
通讯作者:
万春云
E-mail:fengli168@qq.com;11501661@qq.com
作者简介:杨丰利,E-mail:fengli168@qq.com
基金资助:
YANG Fengli(
), LIU Yushuang, SUN Jing, YU Junhao, WAN Chunyun(
)
Received:2025-05-07
Online:2026-01-05
Published:2025-12-26
Contact:
WAN Chunyun
E-mail:fengli168@qq.com;11501661@qq.com
摘要:
蜱作为犬类重要的体外寄生虫,可传播多种人兽共患病,如莱姆病和巴贝斯虫病等,对公共卫生构成严重威胁。目前,杀虫剂是防控蜱虫的主要手段,但长期使用导致蜱的抗药性增加,且会带来环境污染问题。因此,亟需开发更安全、有效的防控措施。犬抗蜱疫苗通过特异性抗体干扰蜱的摄食、生殖和附着功能,具有广阔的应用前景。研究发现,多种候选蛋白(如Bm86、ATAQ、SUB、TIM、HK、LIP、FER1、FER2、P0、64TRP、AQP、L7LTU1和GST等)可作为疫苗抗原,通过减少蜱的数量、体重、产卵量等方式降低蜱的繁殖和感染能力。然而,现有抗原对多种蜱的交叉保护效果仍不理想,且在犬中的应用效果尚需进一步验证。未来研究应聚焦于犬的疫苗接种试验,开发更多候选保护抗原,利用疫苗组学和量子疫苗组学等新技术提高疫苗效力,并结合饲养管理、合理使用杀虫剂和抗蜱疫苗,形成综合防控体系。笔者概括了蜱的种类及其对犬和人类健康的危害,回顾了杀虫剂在蜱防控中的应用及其局限性,并重点分析了犬抗蜱疫苗的研究现状。
中图分类号:
杨丰利, 刘雨双, 孙静, 喻俊皓, 万春云. 犬抗蜱疫苗研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2026, 53(1): 127-135.
YANG Fengli, LIU Yushuang, SUN Jing, YU Junhao, WAN Chunyun. Research Progress of Canine Anti-tick Vaccines[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(1): 127-135.
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