N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对淮南麻黄鸡生产性能、蛋品质及抗氧化能力的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.10.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(N-carbamylglututamate,NCG)在产蛋后期麻黄鸡中的最适添加剂量，为NCG在地方特色蛋鸡生产中的科学应用提供理论依据和实践指导。【方法】选取70周龄淮南麻黄鸡360只，随机分成4组，每组6个重复，每个重复15只。对照组提供基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮中添加0.5、1.0和1.5 g/kg NCG。试验期42 d。试验期间记录产蛋数、蛋重和日采食量；于试验第21、42天，收集所有鸡蛋测定蛋品质；试验结束时，每个重复选3只鸡采集血清和肝脏样品，测定生化及抗氧化指标。【结果】与对照组相比，NCG添加量为1.0 g/kg时，淮南麻黄鸡的产蛋率显著提高(P＜0.05)，蛋黄中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(T-CHO)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均显著提高(P＜0.05)，丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P＜0.05)，血清中一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性显著提高(P＜0.05)，肝脏中SOD活性和一氧化氮(NO)含量显著提高(P＜0.05)；当NCG添加量为1.5 g/kg时，蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均蛋重、蛋黄颜色和蛋壳厚度均显著提高(P＜0.05)，蛋黄中的SOD活性显著提高、MDA含量显著降低(P＜0.05)，血清中的NO含量和NOS活性显著提高(P＜0.05)。【结论】在基础饲粮中添加NCG可显著提高产蛋后期淮南麻黄鸡的生产性能、蛋品质和抗氧化能力，其中以1.0 g/kg的添加剂量为最佳。

关键词: N-氨甲酰谷氨酸; 淮南麻黄鸡; 生产性能; 蛋品质

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment aimed to investigate the optimal supplementation dosage of N-carbamylglututamate(NCG) in laying hens during the late laying period,thereby providing theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the scientific application of NCG in the production of local specialty laying hens.【Method】 A total of 360 Huainan patridge chickens at 70 weeks of age were randomly divided into four groups,each group has 6 replicates,with 15 individuals per replicate.The chickens in experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with 0.5,1.0,and 1.5 g/kg NCG in the basal diet,respectively.The test period was 42 days.Egg production,egg weight,and daily feed intake were recorded throughout the experiment.During the experiment,egg production,egg weight,and daily feed intake were recorded.On days 21 and 42 of the experiment,all eggs were collected to measure egg quality.At the end of the experiment,3 hens were selected per replicate to collect serum and liver samples for biochemical and antioxidant analysis.【Result】 Compared with the control group,when NCG was added at 1.0 g/kg,the egg production rate of Huainan patridge chickens was significantly increased (P＜0.05),the yolk’s triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (T-CHO) contents,as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,were all significantly increased (P＜0.05),while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in serum was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the activity of SOD and the content of nitric oxide (NO) in liver were significantly increased also (P＜0.05).When NCG was added at 1.5 g/kg,the egg production rate,average egg weight,yolk color and eggshell thickness of laying hens were significantly increased (P＜0.05),the activity of SOD in egg yolk was significantly increased,while the content of MDA was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The content of NO and the activity of NOS in serum were significantly increased (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Supplementing the basal diet with NCG significantly improved the production performance,egg quality and antioxidant capacity of Huainan patridge chickens in the late laying period,with 1.0 g/kg identified as the optimal dosage.

Key words: N-carbamylglutamate; Huainan patridge chickens; production performance; egg quality

中图分类号:

S816.7

洪伟鸣, 贾玲, 赵冬, 陈亮, 宋亮, 伍冠所, 王永娟. N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对淮南麻黄鸡生产性能、蛋品质及抗氧化能力的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(10): 4709-4716.

HONG Weiming, JIA Ling, ZHAO Dong, CHEN Liang, SONG Liang, WU Guansuo, WANG Yongjuan. Effects of N-carbamylglutatmate on Production Performance,Egg Quality and Antioxidant Capacity of Huainan Patridge Chickens[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(10): 4709-4716.

参考文献

[1] HU L Y，XU B L，WANG Y F，et al.Influence of arginine on enzymes related to arginine metabolism in bovine mammary epithelial cells in vitro[J].Canadian Journal of Animal Science，2019，99(1):150-159.
[2] WU G Y，KNABE D A，KIM S W.Arginine nutrition in neonatal pigs[J].The Journal of Nutrition，2004，134(10):2783S-2790S.
[3] CAO W，XIAO L，LIU G M，et al.Dietary arginine and N-carbamylglutamate supplementation enhances the antioxidant statuses of the liver and plasma against oxidative stress in rats[J].Food & Function，2016，7(5):2303-2311.
[4] 黄新球，王远兴，杨有仙，等.日粮中添加N-氨甲酰-L-谷氨酸及精氨酸对断奶小鼠生长性能的影响[J].食品科学，2011，32(19):253-257. HUANG X Q，WANG Y X，YANG Y X，et al.Effects of N-carbamyl-L-glutamic acid and arginine in diet on growth performance of weaning mice[J].Food Science，2011,32(19):253-257.(in Chinese)
[5] 汤智群，周佳栋，洪伟鸣，等.N-氨甲酰谷氨酸和精氨酸对京海黄鸡肉仔鸡生长性能和血液指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医，2015,42(5):1130-1136. TANG Z Q，ZHOU J D，HONG W M，et al.Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate and arginine on growth performance and blood parameters of Jinghai Yellow brolier chicks[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine，2015，42(5):1130-1136.(in Chinese)
[6] 施佐，鲁怡，王金凤，等.日粮中添加N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(NCG)对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能和盲肠微生物区系的影响[J].饲料研究，2023，46(7)：43-47. SHI Z，LU Y，WANG J F，et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with NCG on production performance and cecal microflora of laying hens in late laying period[J].Feed Research，2023，46(7):43-47.(in Chinese)
[7] 李树静，李欣，冯春涛，等.N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对奶牛超排效果及血液指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医，2021，48(10):3699-3707. LI S J，LI X，FENG C T，et al.Effect of N-carbamylglutamate on superovulation and blood indexes in dairy cows[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine，2021，48(10):3699-3707.(in Chinese)
[8] 廖学军，李朝国.特色蛋鸡的养殖效果与产业发展[J].养殖与饲料，2019，1:19-22. LIAO X J，LI Z G.The breeding effect and industrial development of special laying hens[J].Breeding and Feed，2019，1：19-22.(in Chinese)
[9] 张良才.土鸡开发前景及饲养技术要点[J].农技服务，2017，34(11):113-114. ZHANG L C.The development prospects and key points of breeding technology of native chickens[J].Agricultural Technology Service，2017，34(11):113-114.(in Chinese)
[10] 张岩，张洁慧，刘承惠，等.日粮NCG水平对大骨鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响[J]. 饲料研究，2021，44(22):34-37. ZHANG Y，ZHANG J H，LIU C H，et al.Effect of dietary NCG levels on production performance and egg quality of Dagu chicken hens[J].Feed Research，2021，44(22):34-37.(in Chinese)
[11] MA W，LU Y，WANG C.Production performance,egg quality,and uterine gene expression for layers as affected by N-carbamylglutamate supplementation[J].Frontiers in Veterinary Science，2023，10:1110801.
[12] BRDY K，LIU H C，HICKS J A，et al.Transcriptome analysis during follicle development in Turkey hens with low and high egg production[J].Frontiers in Genetics，2021，12:619196.
[13] QU L，SHEN M，GUO J，et al.Identification of potential genomic regions and candidate genes for egg albumen quality by a genome-wide association study[J].Archives Animal Breeding，2019，62(1):113-123.
[14] MA Y F，YAO J W，ZHOU S，et al.Improvement of eggshell quality by dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation in laying chickens[J].Journal of Poultry Science，2020，99:4085-4095.
[15] 徐良梅，刘洋，李佳凝，等.不同水平精氨酸对肉种鸡产蛋后期蛋品质及血液生化指标的影响[J].东北农业大学学报，2017，48(12):21-27. XU L M，LIU Y，LI J N，et al.Effects of dietary arginine levels on egg quality and blood biochemical indexes of broiler breeders during late laying period[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University，2017，48(12):21-27.(in Chinese)
[16] YE C C，ZENG X Z，ZHU J L，et al.Dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation in a reduced protein diet affects carcass traits and the profile of muscle amino acids and fatty acids in finishing pigs[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry，2017，65(28):5751-5758.
[17] 马巍，王金凤，鲁怡，等.日粮中添加NCG对蛋鸡抗氧化能力及蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响[J].中国饲料，2021，13:47-52. MA W，WANG J F，LU Y，et al.Effect of adding NCG in the diet on the antioxidant capacity of laying hens and the fatty acid composition of egg yolk[J].China Feed，2021，13:47-52.(in Chinese)
[18] MUSA H H，CHEN G H，CHENG J H，et al.Relation between abdominal fat and serum cholesterol,triglycerides,and lipoprotein concentrations in chicken breeds[J].Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences，2007，31(6):375-379.
[19] WANG Y M，ZHANG B，XUE Y，et al.The mechanism of dietary cholesterol effects on lipids metabolism in rats[J].Lipids in Health and Disease,2010,9(1):4.
[20] 卫雅芳，高红林.甘油三脂与人体健康[J].江苏调味副食品，2005,3:37-39. WEI Y F，GAO H L.Triglyceride and human health[J].Jiangsu Condiment & Subsidiary Food，2005，3:37-39.(in Chinese)
[21] ZHANG Q，ZHANG G，ZHANG X，et al.Effects of inclusion of N-carbamylglutamate in the non-protein diet on growth and slaughter performance,meat quality,nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant of Holstein bulls[J].Animals，2021，12(1):33.
[22] STUEHR D J.Enzymes of the L-arginine to nitric oxide pathway[J].The Journal of Nutrition，2004，134(10):2748S-2751S.
[23] ZHANG H，SUN H，PENG A,et al.N-carbamylglutamate and L-arginine promote intestinal function in suckling lambs with intrauterine growth restriction by regulating antioxidant capacity via a nitric oxide-dependent pathway[J].Food & Function，2019，10(10):6374-6384.
[24] LIU Q，HAN D，WANG J，et al.N-carbamylglutamate supplementation induces functional egg production in layers by modulating liver transcriptome profiles[J].Poultry Science，2024，103(1):103223.
[25] MARWICKA J，ZIEBA A.Antioxidants as a defence against reactive oxygen species[J].Aesthetic Cosmetology and Medicine，2021，10:271-276.
[26] TONELLI C，CHIO I I C，TUVESON D A.Transcriptional regulation by Nrf2[J].Antioxidants & Redox Signaling，2018，29(17):1727-1745.