南方主要地方鸡品种蛋品质及营养成分研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.08.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】比较评价4个南方地方鸡品种鸡蛋的蛋品质与营养价值。【方法】以崇仁麻鸡、乌蒙凤鸡、瑶鸡、儋州鸡及海兰褐蛋鸡(对照)为研究对象，每个品种各取50只，在相同饲喂条件下，每个品种随机挑选90枚鸡蛋比较分析其蛋品质、鸡蛋中粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、微量元素、氨基酸和脂肪酸等营养物质含量。【结果】海兰褐蛋鸡的蛋重显著高于其他地方鸡种(P＜0.05)，崇仁麻鸡和儋州鸡的蛋重显著低于其他品种(P＜0.05)；崇仁麻鸡鸡蛋和乌蒙凤鸡鸡蛋蛋黄颜色较深，与儋州鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡差异显著(P＜0.05)。儋州鸡鸡蛋的蛋壳强度显著低于崇仁麻鸡、乌蒙凤鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡(P＜0.05)。在营养成分上，崇仁麻鸡鸡蛋中胆固醇含量显著低于其他品种(P＜0.05)；儋州鸡鸡蛋中钙含量显著高于瑶鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡(P＜0.05)，铁含量显著高于其他品种(P＜0.05)；海兰褐蛋鸡鸡蛋中磷含量显著高于其他品种(P＜0.05)。此外，乌蒙凤鸡和儋州鸡的鸡蛋中维生素E含量显著高于其他品种(P＜0.05)；乌蒙凤鸡鸡蛋中谷氨酸含量显著高于其他品种(P＜0.05)，多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于崇仁麻鸡、儋州鸡和海兰褐蛋鸡(P＜0.05)。【结论】中国南方地方鸡品种在营养价值和风味上整体表现优异，尤其在胆固醇和支链氨基酸组成方面。研究结果对于地方鸡品种的进一步开发利用具有重要的参考价值。

关键词: 地方鸡种; 蛋品质; 营养成分

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment was to compare and evaluate the egg quality and nutritional value of eggs from four local chicken breeds in Southern China. 【Method】 Chongren partridge chicken,Wumeng crested chicken,Yao chicken,Danzhou chicken and Hy-line Brown laying (control) were taken as the research objects,and 50 chickens of each breed were selected.Under the same feeding conditions,90 eggs were randomly selected for each breed.The egg quality and the contents of nutrients such as crude fat,crude protein,trace elements,amino acids and fatty acids in the eggs were compared and analyzed. 【Result】 The egg weight of Hy-line Brown laying was significantly higher than that of local breeds (P＜0.05),while the egg weight of Chongren partridge chicken and Danzhou chicken were significantly lower than those of other breeds (P＜0.05).The egg yolks of Chongren partridge chicken and Wumeng crested chicken were darker in color,which was significantly different from those of Danzhou chicken and Hy-line Brown laying (P＜0.05).The eggshell strength of Danzhou chicken was significantly lower than that of Chongren partridge chicken,Wumeng crested chicken and Hy-line Brown laying (P＜0.05).In terms of nutritional components,the cholesterol content in Chongren partridge chicken eggs was significantly lower than that in other breeds (P＜0.05).The calcium content in the eggs of Danzhou chicken was significantly higher than that of Yao chicken and Hy-line Brown laying (P＜0.05),and the iron content was significantly higher than that of other breeds (P＜0.05).The phosphorus content in the eggs of Hy-line Brown laying was significantly higher than that of other breeds (P＜0.05).In addition,the vitamin E content in the eggs of Wumeng crested chicken and Danzhou chicken was significantly higher than that of other breeds (P＜0.05).The content of glutamic acid in the eggs of Wumeng crested chicken was significantly higher than that of other breeds (P＜0.05),and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher than that of Chongren partridge chicken,Danzhou chicken and Hy-line Brown laying (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 The local chicken breeds in Southern China generally performed well in terms of nutritional value and flavor,especially in terms of cholesterol and branched-chain amino acid composition.These results had important reference value for the further development and utilization of local chicken breeds.

Key words: local chicken breeds; egg quality; nutrient components

中图分类号:

S831

张硕晗, 刘一帆, 谢兵红, 单艳菊, 屠云洁, 甘达峰, 薛夫光, 裴国良, 赵浩健, 吴红翔, 束婧婷. 南方主要地方鸡品种蛋品质及营养成分研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(8): 3642-3650.

ZHANG Shuohan, LIU Yifan, XIE Binghong, SHAN Yanju, TU Yunjie, GAN Dafeng, XUE Fuguang, PEI Guoliang, ZHAO Haojian, WU Hongxiang, SHU Jingting. Study on Egg Quality and Nutrient Components of Major Local Chicken Breeds in Southern China[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(8): 3642-3650.

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