基于非靶向代谢组学分析翻飞鸽运动前后代谢物的变化

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.01.027

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective The trial aimed to investigate the changes in blood gas indices and plasma differential metabolites in tumbler pigeons before and after exercise， analyze their blood acid-base balance and metabolic differences， and provide data support for exploring the exercise and fatigue recovery mechanisms of this breed. Method Twelve healthy 180-day-old tumbler pigeons （6 males and 6 females） were selected. Blood samples were collected in a resting state before exercise and after exhaustive exercise for blood gas analysis and non-targeted metabolomics analysis. Differential metabolites before and after exercise in the pigeons were screened， and metabolic pathway analysis was conducted. Result Blood gas analysis revealed that， compared to pre-exercise levels， the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in blood （PvCO₂） and total carbon dioxide （TCO₂） levels were significantly decreased after exercise （P < 0.05）， while the hematocrit （Hct） and hemoglobin （Hb） concentration were extremely significantly decreased （P<0.01）. No significant differences were observed in bicarbonate （HCO₃^―） and sodium ion （Na⁺） levels （P>0.05）.Plasma metabolomics analysis identified differential metabolites in both positive and negative ion modes following exercise compared to pre-exercise levels. The levels of the metabolites allopurinol riboside， sphingomyelin， trans-aconitic acid， lysophosphatidic acid， loganetin and succinyladenosine were significantly higher than before exercise （P<0.05）. Conversely， the levels of the metabolites glycyl-leucine， aminohexanoic acid， decursinol， heptadecanoic acid， and palmitoleic acid were significantly lower than before exercise （P<0.05）. Differential metabolites were significantly enriched in pathways including phenylalanine metabolism， biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid， linoleic acid metabolism， and fatty acid biosynthesis. Conclusion Under the conditions of this experiment， compared to pre-exercise levels，the concentrations of PvCO₂ and TCO₂ in the blood of tumbler pigeons were significantly decreased after exercise， the concentrations of Hct and Hb were extremely significantly decreased. Moreover， exercise mainly affected the glucose metabolism， lipid metabolism， and amino acid metabolism of tumbler pigeons. The experimental results provided a theoretical basis for the post-exercise recovery and breeding selection of tumbler pigeons.

Key words: tumbler pigeon; exercise; blood gas indicators; metabolite

CLC Number:

S836

LIU Xiangxi, LI Haiying, ZHAO Xiaoyu, WU Yingping, YAO Yingying, WANG Zening. Analysis of Metabolite Changes Before and After Exercise in Tumbler Pigeons Based on Untargeted Metabolomics[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2026, 53(1): 299-309.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.3

References 41

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时间 Time/min	A相 Phase A/%	B相 Phase B/%
0	98	2
1.5	98	2
3.0	15	85
10.0	0	100
10.1	98	2
11.0	98	2
12.0	98	2

项目 Items	运动前静息状态 BF	运动力竭后状态 AF
pH	7.54±0.06	7.57±0.08
二氧化碳分压 PvCO₂/（mmHg）	28.05±4.95^a	22.67±3.96^b
氧分压 PvO₂/（mmHg）	54.50±10.97	55.00±12.52
钠离子 Na⁺/（mmol/L）	143.38±2.02	141.42±4.33
钾离子 K⁺/（mmol/L）	4.51±0.28	4.06±0.64
氯离子 Cl^-/（mmol/L）	122.68±7.39	117.99±7.03
钙离子 Ca²⁺/（mmol/L）	1.13±0.10	1.14±0.07
红细胞压积 Hct/%	49.83±4.92^A	37.67±3.45^B
总二氧化碳 TCO₂/（mmol/L）	24.40±2.26^a	21.33±3.11^b
血红蛋白 Hb/（g/dL）	16.98±1.72^A	12.84±1.14^B
碳酸氢根 HCO₃^-/（mmol/L）	23.55±2.16	20.66±3.08
血中碱剩余 BE/（mmol/L）	3.17±1.34	3.17±1.89
氧饱和度 SvO₂/%	90.16±5.86	91.63±3.92

代谢物 Metabolites	变量投影重要度 VIP	P值 P-value	差异倍数FC	趋势Trend
2，4，6-三乙基-1，3，5-三聚硫代甲 2，4，6-triethyl-1，3，5-trithiane	2.3760	0.0001	1.3744	上调
3-氨基哌啶-2-酮 3-amino-2-piperidinone	2.2041	0.0001	0.4805	下调
八氢吡咯并［1，2-a］嘧啶 Octahydropyrrolo［1，2-a］pyrimidine	1.9827	0.0002	0.1513	下调
6-甲基蝶啶-2，4-二胺 6-methylpteridine-2，4-diamine	2.3008	0.0003	1.2909	上调
2-［4-（硫氧基）苯基］乙酸 2-［4-（sulfooxy）phenyl］acetic acid	2.4273	0.0003	1.2755	上调
甘胺酰-亮氨酸 Glycyl-leucine	1.8748	0.0003	0.4005	下调
马钱苷元 Loganetin	1.9983	0.0003	1.2315	上调
4-氨基-1-哌啶羧酸 4-amino-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid	1.8593	0.0003	0.3605	下调
2-氨基庚二酸 2-aminopimelic acid	2.3013	0.0004	0.7261	下调
氨基己酸 Aminocaproic acid	1.8567	0.0005	0.6540	下调
异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷 Isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside	2.1870	0.0008	1.3232	上调
6-顺式-二十二碳烯酰胺 6-cis-docosenamide	2.0952	0.0009	0.4456	下调
丙氨酸乳酸丙酮酸 Alanine lactate pyruvate	2.2152	0.0010	1.3760	上调
依西美坦 Exemestane	1.8318	0.0010	1.3586	上调
2-羟基己酸 2-hydroxycaproic acid	2.0974	0.0010	1.2133	上调
2-甲氧基-4-甲基苯酚 Creosol	1.8253	0.0011	1.2076	上调
白术内酯Ⅱ Atractylenolide Ⅱ	2.1406	0.0013	1.6185	上调
琥珀酰腺苷 Succinyladenosine	1.8547	0.0013	1.9650	上调
6-硫尿酸盐 6-thiourate	1.6895	0.0015	1.2690	上调
5-羟基吲哚-3-乙醇 5-hydroxytryptophol	2.1198	0.0016	4.6378	上调

代谢物Metabolites	变量投影重要度 VIP	P值 P-value	差异倍数 FC	趋势 Trend
别嘌呤醇核糖苷 Allopurinol riboside	2.1416	0.0003	1.7445	上调
N-磺酰氧基-PhIP N-sulfonyloxy-PhIP	2.3812	0.0004	5.5731	上调
4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基乙二醇-4-硫酸钾盐 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol sulfate	1.7104	0.0004	2.2270	上调
2-甲鸟苷 N2-methylguanosine	2.0365	0.0006	1.5517	上调
鞘磷脂 Sphingomyelin	1.7497	0.0007	1.7190	上调
4-氮杂螺［双环［2.2.2］辛烷-2，2'-［1，4］恶唑烷］-5'-酮 4-Azaspiro［bicyclo［2.2.2］octane-2，2'-［1，4］oxazolidine］-5'-one	1.6836	0.0007	1.6386	上调
反式-乌头酸 Trans-aconitic acid	2.0426	0.0007	1.8028	上调
溶血磷酸酯 Lysophosphatidic acid	1.7385	0.0007	1.8393	上调
紫花前胡醇 Decursinol	1.7847	0.0009	0.3373	下调
β-L-岩藻糖-1-磷酸酯 Beta-L-fucose-1-phosphate	1.7468	0.0010	1.8657	上调
阿替洛辛 Altiloxin	1.9086	0.0011	1.6540	上调
野鸢尾黄素 Irigenin	1.4937	0.0011	0.3213	下调
十七烷酸/珠光脂酸 Heptadecanoic acid	1.7263	0.0011	0.5517	下调
（2S）-2-氨基-4-（2-氨基-4-氯苯基）-4-氧代丁酸（2S）-2-amino-4-（2-amino-4-chlorophenyl）-4-oxobutanoic acid	1.7373	0.0011	2.0131	上调
甲基丙二酸 Methylmalonic acid	1.5220	0.0011	1.5604	上调
紫质胆素原 Porphobilinogen	1.8592	0.0011	1.5314	上调
（-）-6-氯表儿茶素（-）-6-chloroepicatechin	1.7430	0.0011	1.7425	上调
十六碳烯酸（顺-9）/棕榈油酸 Palmitoleic acid	1.7861	0.0014	0.5123	下调
二十烯酸 Paullinic acid	1.8793	0.0014	0.3134	下调
十八碳烯酸（顺-6）/岩芹酸 Petroselinic acid	1.7771	0.0015	0.4686	下调

Analysis of Metabolite Changes Before and After Exercise in Tumbler Pigeons Based on Untargeted Metabolomics

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