中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 71-80.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.01.007

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

驼乳挥发性风味物质及形成机制研究进展

多倩倩1,2(), 赵妍1,2, 陈贺1, 邵伟2, 郑楠3, 王成1, 赵艳坤1,2,3()   

  1. 1.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐),新疆农产品质量安全实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
    2.新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆肉乳用草食动物营养实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052
    3.中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,农业农村部奶及奶制品质量安全控制重点实验室,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-10 出版日期:2026-01-05 发布日期:2025-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 赵艳坤 E-mail:1275297857@qq.com;yankunzhao90@163.com
  • 作者简介:多倩倩,E-mail: 1275297857@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2023B02034-1);新疆维吾尔自治区现代农业产业技术体系(XJARS-11-09)

Research Progress on Volatile Flavor Compounds and Their Formation Mechanism in Camel Milk

DUO Qianqian1,2(), ZHAO Yan1,2, CHEN He1, SHAO Wei2, ZHENG Nan3, WANG Cheng1, ZHAO Yankun1,2,3()   

  1. 1.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality & Safety,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Urumqi),Urumqi 830091,China
    2.Xinjiang Meat and Dairy Livestock Nutrition Laboratory,College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
    3.Key Laboratory for Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China
  • Received:2025-04-10 Online:2026-01-05 Published:2025-12-26
  • Contact: ZHAO Yankun E-mail:1275297857@qq.com;yankunzhao90@163.com

摘要:

驼乳因其独特风味和丰富营养而备受青睐。挥发性风味物质是构成其风味特征的关键载体,也是影响驼乳品质与产业发展的核心要素。笔者系统阐述了驼乳中醛、酮、酸、酯类等主要风味化合物的组成与特征;分析了驼乳风味物质通过脂质代谢、蛋白质水解和碳水化合物代谢等途径的形成机制;总结了储藏条件、包装方式、热处理强度、饲料成分、季节因素以及候选基因与调控因子对驼乳风味物质的影响。文章旨在为驼乳资源的高值化开发、特色风味乳制品创新以及驼乳风味与品质的调控提供理论依据。

关键词: 驼乳; 风味物质; 形成机制

Abstract:

Camel milk is highly regarded for its distinctive flavor and rich nutritional composition. Volatile flavor compounds, which are key carriers of its unique sensory characteristics, play a central role in determining the quality of camel milk and influencing the development of the related industry. This review systematically elaborates on the composition and characteristics of major flavor compounds in camel milk, such as aldehydes, ketones, acids, and esters. It also examines the formation mechanisms of these flavor substances through pathways including lipid metabolism, protein hydrolysis, and carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, the impact of various factors (such as storage conditions, packaging methods, heat treatment intensity, feed composition, seasonal variations, as well as candidate genes and regulatory factors) on the flavor profile of camel milk is summarized. The review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the high-value utilization of camel milk resources, the development of distinctive flavored dairy products, and the regulation of flavor and quality in camel milk.

Key words: camel milk; flavor substances; formation mechanism

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