补饲脯氨酸对断奶马驹生长性能、血清抗氧化和免疫指标及细胞因子含量的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究补饲脯氨酸对断奶马驹生长性能及血清抗氧化指标、免疫指标、细胞因子的影响，为马驹健康生长发育提供参考依据。【方法】选用28匹健康、体重相近、5月龄左右断奶马驹，随机均分为4组，对照组马驹饲喂基础饲粮，试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组马驹分别补饲20、40、60 mg/kg BW脯氨酸。预饲14 d，正试期60 d，每30 d进行生长性能及血清抗氧化指标、免疫指标及细胞因子含量测定。【结果】与对照组相比，①随着脯氨酸补饲量的增加，马驹体重有明显增长趋势，试验Ⅲ组马驹总增重和平均日增重均显著升高(P＜0.05)；30和60 d时，补饲脯氨酸对马驹体高、体长、胸围、管围有提高趋势(P＞0.05)；31～60 d时，试验Ⅲ组马驹体高显著增长(P＜0.05)。②30和60 d时，各试验组马驹血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)均极显著升高(P＜0.01)，而二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量均极显著降低(P＜0.01)。③30 d时，试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组马驹血清中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和IgG浓度均极显著升高(P＜0.01)，试验Ⅲ组IgM浓度极显著升高(P＜0.01)；60 d时，试验Ⅱ组马驹血清中IgM浓度极显著升高(P＜0.01)，试验Ⅰ组IgA和IgG浓度均显著升高(P＜0.05)。④30和60 d时，各试验组马驹血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、IL-8含量均极显著降低(P＜0.01)。【结论】本试验条件下，补饲脯氨酸对断奶马驹生长性能有提高趋势，能够提高马驹抗氧化能力及免疫指标，降低血清中细胞因子含量，尤以添加量为60 mg/kg BW时效果最佳。

关键词: 马驹; 脯氨酸; 生长性能; 抗氧化; 免疫; 细胞因子

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the effects of proline supplementation on growth performance,serum antioxidant and immune indices,and cytokine levels in weaned foals,so as to provide a reference for the healthy growth and development in foals. 【Method】 A total of 28 healthy and 5 months of age weaned foals with similarly weight were randomly assigned to four groups.Foals in control group were fed standard diet,and foals in trial groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ were supplemented with 20,40,and 60 mg/kg BW proline,respectively.The pre-feeding period was 7 d,and the experimental period was 60 d.The growth performance,antioxidant index and immune index,and cytokine contents in serum of foals were determined every 30 days. 【Result】 Compared with control group,①With the increase of proline supplementation,there was a significant growth trend of body weight in foals,the total weight gain and average daily gain of foals in group Ⅲ were significantly increased (P＜0.05).On days 0 and 60,proline supplementation exhibited an upward trend in body height,body length,chest girth,and tube girth of foals (P＞0.05).From days 31 to 60,there was a significant increase in body height growth of foals in group Ⅲ (P＜0.05).②On days 30 and 60,the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),and catalase (CAT),and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum of foals in each experimental group were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01),while the levels of diamine oxidase (DAO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum were extremely significantly decreased (P＜0.01).③On days 30,the concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG in serum of foals in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and IgM concentration in group Ⅲ,were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).On days 60,the IgM concentration of foal serum in group Ⅱ was extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01),and the concentrations of IgA and IgG in group Ⅰ were significantly increased (P＜0.05).④On days 30 and 60，the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interferon-γ (IFN-γ),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),IL-6,and IL-8 in serum of foals in each experimental group were extremely significantly decreased (P＜0.01). 【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this experiment,proline supplementation showed a trend of improving the growth performance in weaned foals,enhancing the antioxidant capacity and immune indices,and reducing the contents of cytokines in serum.The best effect was observed at a dosage of 60 mg/kg BW.

Key words: foals; proline; growth performance; antioxidant; immunity; cytokines

中图分类号:

S821.5

黎朵, 袁鑫鑫, 沈哲弘, 阮飞, 赵璐璐, 王川坤, 曾亚琦, 姚新奎, 孟军. 补饲脯氨酸对断奶马驹生长性能、血清抗氧化和免疫指标及细胞因子含量的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(7): 3084-3092.

LI Duo, YUAN Xinxin, SHEN Zhehong, RUAN Fei, ZHAO Lulu, WANG Chuankun, ZENG Yaqi, YAO Xinkui, MENG Jun. Effects of Proline Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Index and Cytokine Contents of Serum in Weaned Foals[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(7): 3084-3092.

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