复方中草药制剂对哺乳期湖羊羔羊生长性能及血清指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.10.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究以黄芪、防风、白术等为主要成分的复方中草药制剂在羔羊早期培育中的适宜添加比例，为中草药在畜牧生产中的高效应用提供参考。【方法】试验选取120只体重相近(4.64 kg±0.34 kg)的8日龄健康双羔湖羊羔羊，随机分入4组，分别为对照组(CK，基础饲粮)、0.2%组(基础饲粮+0.2%复方中草药制剂)、0.4%组(基础饲粮+0.4%复方中草药制剂)和0.6%组(基础饲粮+0.6%复方中草药制剂)，预饲期7 d，正式试验期45 d。试验结束时测定羔羊生长性能并采集血清样本，测定血清生化、免疫、抗氧化相关指标和生长激素水平。【结果】①0.2%组羔羊45和60日龄体重显著高于其他组(P＜0.05)，全期开食料采食量和全期平均日增重显著高于其他组(P＜0.05)；②0.6%组羔羊血清尿素氮(UREA)含量较CK组显著降低(P＜0.05)，各组间羔羊血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性无显著差异(P＞0.05)；③中草药添加组羔羊血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于CK组(P＜0.05)，0.6%组羔羊血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物(GSH-Px)活性显著高于CK组和0.2%组(P＜0.05)，中草药添加组羔羊血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于CK组(P＜0.05)。0.6%组T-AOC、SOD和GSH-Px活性显著高于0.2%组和0.4%组(P＜0.05)，0.6%组MDA含量显著低于0.2%组和0.4%组(P＜0.05)；④各组之间羔羊血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、IgG和IgM含量无显著差异(P＞0.05)，中草药添加组羔羊血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量较CK组显著降低(P＜0.05)；⑤0.2%、0.4%和0.6%组羔羊血清生长激素(GH)和胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)含量较CK组显著提高(P＜0.05)。【结论】在哺乳期湖羊羔羊饲粮中添加以黄芪、防风、白术等为主要成分的复方中草药制剂可以提高羔羊生长性能、血清免疫和抗氧化能力，促进生长激素分泌。综合评估，在哺乳期羔羊饲粮中添加0.2%的上述复方制剂为宜。

关键词: 复方中草药; 羔羊; 生长性能; 血清生化

Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the optimal inclusion ratio of a compound Chinese herbal preparation primarily composed of Astragalus membranaceus,Saposhnikovia divaricata,Atractylodes macrocephala,and other ingredients in the early rearing of lambs,providing a reference for the efficient application of Chinese herbal medicine in livestock production.【Method】 120 healthy 8-day-old twin Hu lambs with similar body weights (4.64 kg±0.34 kg) were selected by the trial and randomly divided into four groups:Control group (CK,basal diet),0.2% group (basal diet+0.2% compound Chinese herbal medicine),0.4% group (basal diet+0.4% compound Chinese herbal medicine),and 0.6% group (basal diet+0.6% compound Chinese herbal medicine).The adaptation period lasted for 7 days,followed by a 45-day formal trial period.At the end of the trial,growth performance was measured,and serum samples were collected to determine biochemical parameters,immune indices,antioxidant indicators,and growth hormone levels.【Result】 ①Lambs in 0.2% group exhibited significantly higher body weights at 45 and 60 days of age compared to other groups (P＜0.05),along with significantly greater starter feed intake and average daily gain over the entire trial period (P＜0.05).②Serum urea nitrogen (UREA) levels in 0.6% group were significantly lower than those in CK group (P＜0.05),while no significant differences were observed in total protein (TP),albumin (ALB),total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),glucose (GLU) levels,or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity across groups (P＞0.05).③Lambs in three Chinese herbal medicine supplementation groups exhibited significantly higher serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity compared to CK group (P＜0.05). 0.6% group showed significantly elevated glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity relative to both CK and 0.2% groups (P＜0.05).Additionally,serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly lower in three experimental groups than that in CK group (P＜0.05).④No significant differences in serum immunoglobulin A (IgA),IgG or IgM levels were observed among groups (P＞0.05).Herbal-supplemented groups exhibited significantly reduced serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels compared to CK group (P＜0.05).⑤Serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations in 0.2%,0.4%,and 0.6% groups were significantly higher than those in CK group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 The addition of a compound Chinese herbal preparation primarily composed of Astragalus membranaceus,Saposhnikovia divaricata,Atractylodis macrocephalae,and other herbs to the diet of lactating Hu lambs could improve growth performance,enhance serum immunity and antioxidant capacity,and stimulate growth hormone secretion.Based on a comprehensive evaluation,it was recommended to add 0.2% of the compound herbal formulation to the diet of lactating lambs for optimal results.

Key words: compound Chinese herbal medicine; lamb; growth performance; serum biochemistry

中图分类号:

S816.7

王彦, 刘艳丰, 刘力萌, 李林贵, 杨振祥, 王文奇, 杨会国. 复方中草药制剂对哺乳期湖羊羔羊生长性能及血清指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(10): 4652-4662.

WANG Yan, LIU Yanfeng, LIU Limeng, LI Lingui, YANG Zhenxiang, WANG Wenqi, YANG Huiguo. Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal Preparations on Growth Performance and Serum Indices in Lactating Hu Lambs[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(10): 4652-4662.

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