杂交对地方猪种与引进猪种肉品质及调控机制的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.12.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着人们生活质量的提升，对肉类质与量的需求也随之增加。中国地方猪种资源丰富，在经长期自然和人工选择，形成了适应性强、肉品质优、耐粗饲、抗逆性好等优良特性，是培育优质新品种(系)的优良育种素材。杂交改良是育种学家们在猪生产上提高经济价值的一种常用技术，一直以来，常通过国外瘦肉型猪种与地方猪种进行杂交，从而获得兼顾地方猪优良肉品质特色及外种猪高产肉性能的品种或品系。近年来，组学分析技术的飞速发展促进了对肉品质差异更深层次的探究，且多组学数据可对造成差异的复杂调控网络进行综合分析，从而更准确地解释调控机制。笔者简述了地方猪种与引进猪种杂交改良前后的肉品质性状差异，并结合多组学及肠道微生物组学技术总结了在肉品质方面的研究进展，分析了造成肉品质差异的调控机制，以期为地方猪种改良体系的搭建提供参考。

关键词: 地方猪; 杂交; 肉品质性状; 多组学技术; 肠道微生物

Abstract: As people’s quality of life improves,the demand for meat quality and quantity increases.Local pig breeds in China are rich in resources,and under long-term natural and artificial selection,they have formed excellent characteristics such as strong adaptability,excellent meat quality,roughage tolerance,good resistance to adversity,etc.,which are excellent breeding materials for cultivating new high-quality breeds (lines).Crossbreeding improvement is a common technique used by breeders to increase economic value in pig production,and it has been often used to cross foreign lean pig breeds with local pig breeds,so as to obtain breeds or lines that take into account the excellent meat quality characteristics of local pigs and the high meat yield of foreign pig breeds.The rapid development of omics analysis technology in recent years has facilitated a deeper investigation of meat quality differences,and multi-omics data can be used to comprehensively analyse the complex regulatory networks that causes the differences,thus explaining the regulatory mechanisms more accurately.The authors briefly describe the differences in meat quality traits between local pig breeds and introduce pig breeds before and after crossbreeding,and analyse the regulatory mechanisms of meat quality differences in the light of the progress of multi-omics and gut microbiomics technology in meat quality,in order to provide a reference for the construction of local pig breed improvement system.

Key words: local pigs; crossbreeding; meat quality traits; multi-omics techniques; gut microorganisms

中图分类号:

S828.9

贾倩茹, 罗璇, 田甜, 王磊, 马玉红, 尚月军, 许发芳, 莫华山, 吴国芳. 杂交对地方猪种与引进猪种肉品质及调控机制的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(12): 5762-5771.

JIA Qianru, LUO Xuan, TIAN Tian, WANG Lei, MA Yuhong, SHANG Yuejun, XU Fafang, MO Huashan, WU Guofang. Effects of Crossbreeding on Meat Quality and Regulatory Mechanism of Local Pig Breeds and Introduced Pig Breeds[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(12): 5762-5771.

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