生长前期饲粮添加苹果酸对肉鸡生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.012

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 3104-3115.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.012

生长前期饲粮添加苹果酸对肉鸡生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响

卢欣欣¹, 付凯博¹, 李思漫¹, 张海华², 张海军¹, 邱凯¹, 武书庚¹

1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室, 生物饲料开发国家工程研究中心, 北京 100081;
2. 河北科技师范学院动物科技学院, 河北省特色动物种质资源挖掘与创新重点实验室, 秦皇岛 066004

收稿日期:2024-11-04 出版日期:2025-07-05 发布日期:2025-07-01
通讯作者: 邱凯 E-mail:qiukai@caas.cn
作者简介:卢欣欣，E-mail：Luxx99@163.com;付凯博，E-mail：fkb0416@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1301603)；中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CAAS-ZDRW202111ASTIP)；河北省现代农业产业技术体系蛋鸡肉鸡营养与饲料岗(HBCT2023210202)

Effect of Dietary Malic Acid Supplemented in the Initial Growth Stage on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Serum Biochemical and Intestinal Health of Broilers

LU Xinxin¹, FU Kaibo¹, LI Siman¹, ZHANG Haihua², ZHANG Haijun¹, QIU Kai¹, WU Shugeng¹

1. National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Institute Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Specialty Animal Germplasm Resources Exploration and Innovation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China

Received:2024-11-04 Online:2025-07-05 Published:2025-07-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在评估阶段性苹果酸饲粮在肉鸡生产中的应用效果。【方法】选用480只1日龄科宝白羽肉鸡公雏，随机分为4个处理，每个处理8个重复。对照组鸡全期饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮，试验组鸡在1～14日龄分别饲喂添加0.4%、0.6%和0.8%苹果酸的试验饲粮，15～42日龄饲喂基础饲粮，试验期42 d。试验过程中统计生产性能，试验结束后屠宰肉鸡，统计屠宰性能，同时采集胸肌、血液及肠道组织样本以检测肉品质、血液生化、肠道抗氧化指标及细胞因子水平。【结果】与对照组相比，①生长前期饲粮添加0.4%苹果酸能够提高1～14日龄肉鸡的平均日增重(ADG)，降低料重比，增加14日龄的平均体重(P＜0.05)；降低肌肉的滴水损失和蒸煮损失，以及血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平(P＜0.05)。②生长前期饲粮添加0.6%苹果酸提高了肉鸡1～14日龄的ADG(P＜0.05)；降低了肌肉剪切力、血清丙氨酸转氨酶活性和总蛋白水平以及空肠黏膜白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量(P＜0.05)。③生长前期饲粮添加0.8%苹果酸显著降低了42日龄肉鸡的腹脂率(P＜0.05)，肠道超氧化物歧化酶活性显著升高，过氧化氢酶活性显著降低(P＜0.05)，还降低了空肠黏膜IL-1β、IL-2和肿瘤坏死因子的含量(P＜0.05)。【结论】生长前期饲粮添加0.4%～0.6%苹果酸能够提高肉鸡1～14日龄的生长性能，改善42日龄肉鸡肉品质，增强肠道抗氧化能力和免疫水平；而生长前期饲粮添加0.8%苹果酸会对42日龄肉鸡的肠道抗氧化能力和免疫性能产生一定负面影响。

关键词: 苹果酸; 肉鸡; 生长性能; 肉品质; 血清生化; 肠道健康

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment aimed to evaluate the application effects of phased malic acid (MA) diet in broiler production. 【Method】 A total of 480 one-day-old Cobb male broilers were randomly divided into 4 treatments,with 8 replicates per treatment.The broilers in control group were fed a corn-soybean based diet throughout the entire period.The broilers in experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0.4%,0.6%,and 0.8% MA from 1 to 14 days of age,and then were fed the basal diet from 15 to 42 days of age.This experiment lasted for 42 days.Growth performance was recorded during the rearing trial.After the trial,the broilers were slaughtered,and carcass traits were assessed.Additionally,samples of chicken breast,blood,and intestinal tissue were collected to evaluate meat quality,blood biochemistry,intestinal antioxidant capacity,and cytokine levels. 【Result】 Compared with the control group,① The addition of 0.4% MA in the diet during the early growth phase increased the average daily gain (ADG) of broilers from 1 to 14 days of age,reduced the feed conversion ratio,and increased the average body weight at 14 days of age (P＜0.05).And it decreased the drip loss and cooking loss of muscle,as well as the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P＜0.05).② The addition of 0.6% MA in the diet during the early growth phase increased ADG of broilers from 1 to 14 days of age (P＜0.05),reduced muscle shear force (P＜0.05),it also decreased serum alanine aminotransferase activity and total protein levels (P＜0.05),and reduced the content of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in jejunal mucosa (P＜0.05).③ The addition of 0.8% MA in the diet during the early growth phase decreased the abdominal fat percentage of broilers at 42 days of age,significantly increased the activity of intestinal superoxide dismutase,and significantly decreased the activity of intestinal catalase (P＜0.05),and also reduced the content of IL-1β,IL-2,and tumor necrosis factor in the jejunal mucosa (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 The addition of 0.4% to 0.6% MA in the diet during the early growth phase could improve the growth performance of broilers from 1 to 14 days of age,enhance the meat quality of broilers at 42 days of age,and strengthen their intestinal antioxidant capacity and immune levels.However,the addition of 0.8% MA in the diet during the early growth phase had an adversely affect on the intestinal antioxidant capacity and immune performance of 42 days of age broilers.

Key words: malic acid; broiler; growth performance; meat quality; serum biochemistry; intestinal health

中图分类号:

S816.7

卢欣欣, 付凯博, 李思漫, 张海华, 张海军, 邱凯, 武书庚. 生长前期饲粮添加苹果酸对肉鸡生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(7): 3104-3115.

LU Xinxin, FU Kaibo, LI Siman, ZHANG Haihua, ZHANG Haijun, QIU Kai, WU Shugeng. Effect of Dietary Malic Acid Supplemented in the Initial Growth Stage on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Serum Biochemical and Intestinal Health of Broilers[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(7): 3104-3115.

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生长前期饲粮添加苹果酸对肉鸡生长性能、肉品质、血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响

Effect of Dietary Malic Acid Supplemented in the Initial Growth Stage on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Serum Biochemical and Intestinal Health of Broilers

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