China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (9): 4379-4393.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.09.034

• Preventive Veterinary Medicine • Previous Articles    

Study on the Anti-Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus of Dihydroartemisinin in vitro

QIN Feng1, LIU Yun1, TANG Nannan1, WU Zhi1, LI Yongjun2, YU Shenglan2, ZHU Shanyuan1   

  1. 1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bio-pharmaceutical High-tech Research, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China;
    2. Jiangsu Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Park, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
  • Revised:2025-05-19 Published:2025-08-29

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Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment was to explore the anti-Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in vitro. 【Method】 The anti-PRRSV Marc-145 cell model was established in vitro.The cytotoxicity of DHA to Marc-145 cells was detected by MTT method to determine its maximum safe concentration.Marc-145 cells were divided into 4 groups,namely blank control group (Control),positive control group (ribavirin),model group (PRRSV) and drug group (DHA).The effects of DHA against PRRSV under the modes of blocking,inhibition and direct inactivation were detected.The mRNA and protein expression levels of PRRSV N under different modes of action and at different time points were detected by Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting,respectively.The apoptosis induced by PRRSV infection was detected by Annexin/PI double staining method. 【Result】 The maximum safe concentrations of DHA and the positive drug ribavirin were 3.13 and 15.63 μg/mL,respectively.Under the effects of blocking,inhibition and direct inactivation,the maximum inhibition rates of DHA on PRRSV were 66.2%,88.9% and 62.1% respectively.Under the inhibitory effect,the cells basically remained monolayer intact.Under the blocking and direct inactivation effects,the cells showed the phenomenon of roundness and agglomeration. Under the inhibitory effect,ribavirin had the highest inhibition rate of PRRSV,with an inhibition rate of 68.9%,and the cells showed the phenomenon of roundness and agglomeration.The results of Real-time quantitative PCR showed that under the effects of blocking and inhibition,compared with model group,the copy number of PRRSV N gene in cells of ribavirin and DHA groups was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Under direct inactivation,compared with model group,the copy number of PRRSV N gene in cells of DHA group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The results of Western blotting showed that under different modes of action,compared with model group,the expression level of PRRSV N protein in DHA group at different time points was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The results of apoptosis detection showed that under the blocking effect,compared with model group,at 48 hours of early apoptosis,the apoptosis rate of DHA group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).At different time points of late apoptosis,the apoptosis rates of both ribavirin and DHA groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Under the inhibitory effect,compared with model group,at 72 hours of early apoptosis and late apoptosis,the apoptosis rate of DHA group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Under the direct inactivation,compared with model group,at 24 and 48 hours of early apoptosis,the apoptosis rate of DHA group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).At 24 and 72 hours of late apoptosis,the apoptosis rate of DHA group decreased significantly (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 DHA had a significant anti-PRRSV effect in vitro,mainly by inhibiting the expression of PRRSV N gene and the synthesis of N protein,and at the same time had an inhibitory effect on cell apoptosis.

Key words: dihydroartemisinin (DHA); Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV); antiviral effect; cell apoptosis

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