多不饱和脂肪酸对家禽脂类代谢及繁殖性能调节作用的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.10.015

Abstract

Abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are bioactive molecules that regulate lipid metabolism in poultry,among them,n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA are important lipid components in sperm and ovum,and their content and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio are closely related to fatty acid deposition,reproductive energy supply and other aspects of poultry.n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA coordinate and restrict each other in affecting lipid metabolism and reproductive performance.n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA metabolize in poultry using a set of enzymes,α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) can produce longer chain n-3 PUFA and n-6PUFA,respectively.n-3 PUFA inhibited the derivations of n-6 PUFA,and the deposition of n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA in cells had competitive effect.PUFA can activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in poultry,promote fat synthesis and decomposition,and reduce fat deposition.ALA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of n-3 PUFA could improve the antioxidant capacity of sperm,improve the fluidity of sperm plasma membrane and enhance sperm motility.n-6 PUFA is the main fatty acid in poultry sperm.It promotes spermatogenesis and improves the antioxidant capacity of sperm by promoting the synthesis and secretion of testosterone and prostaglandins (PG).n-3 PUFA affects the fatty acid composition of oocytes and embryos,regulates the synthesis and secretion of sex hormones,improves the antioxidant capacity and quality of oocytes and embryos,and reduces cell apoptosis and embryonic mortality.Eicosanotetraenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) synthesize corresponding PG,which regulate follicular development and ovulation in female birds.However,excessive PUFA deposition may cause fat deposition and induce cellular oxidative stress.At present,great progress has been made in the research of dietary PUFA on improving the performance of livestock and poultry,but the mechanism of PUFA regulating lipid metabolism and reproductive performance of poultry still needs further investigation.Based on the nutritional metabolism of PUFA in poultry,the authors reviewed the effects of n-3 PUFA,n-6 PUFA and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on lipid metabolism and reproductive performance of poultry,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of PUFA in the field of poultry nutrition and breeding.

Key words: polyunsaturated fatty acids; poultry; lipid metabolism; reproductive performance

CLC Number:

S816.7

LIANG Mingqi, CHEN Wei, ZHANG Yanan, WANG Shuang, ZHENG Chuntian. Research Progress on Regulating Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Lipid Metabolism and Reproductive Performance of Poultry[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(10): 4015-4024.

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Research Progress on Regulating Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Lipid Metabolism and Reproductive Performance of Poultry

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