植物提取物与质粒携带的抗生素耐药基因水平转移关系的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.046

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 细菌耐药性严重威胁了公共卫生健康,破坏了数十年来人类在抗击细菌感染方面取得的成效。新型有效抗菌药物的缺乏及耐药基因(antibiotic resistance genes，ARGs)在生态系统中的水平转移加剧了细菌耐药性的传播，其中质粒介导的接合转移是ARGs在人类、动物和环境中传播的主要途径。抗生素压力通常是驱动ARGs接合转移的重要因素之一。此外，一些非抗生素类药物也能促进ARGs的水平转移。然而，非抗生素类药物中的天然化合物，尤其是植物提取物在ARGs水平传播中的作用仍被忽视。因此，笔者总结了ARGs水平转移的主要途径——接合转移，概述了植物提取物在畜禽养殖业中的应用，并探讨了植物提取物在促进或抑制质粒接合转移中的作用，讨论了将这些抑制剂应用于临床试验的潜力与挑战，从而指导临床制定更合理的剂量方案和药物残留标准。

关键词: 耐药性; 耐药基因; 植物提取物; 接合转移抑制剂

Abstract: The emergence of antibiotic resistance represents a significant challenge to public health,undermining the considerable progress made over decades in combating bacterial infections.The dearth of novel and efficacious antimicrobial agents,coupled with the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) within the ecosystem,has served to exacerbate the dissemination of resistance.Among these mechanisms,plasmid-mediated conjugation represents the primary means by which ARGs disseminate among humans,animals,and the environment.The conjugative transfer of ARGs is frequently driven by antibiotic pressure.Moreover,certain non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals have also been observed to facilitate the horizontal transfer of ARGs.However,the role of natural compounds in non-antibiotic drugs,particularly plant extracts,in the horizontal transfer of ARGs has been undervalued.Accordingly,this review initially delineated the principal route of horizontal transfer of ARGs,namely conjugation.Thereafter,it delineated the utilization of plant extracts in the livestock and poultry industry and explored the role of plant extracts in promoting or inhibiting conjugation,and discussed the potential and challenges of applying these conjugation inhibitors in clinical trials,so as to guide the clinical development of more reasonable dosage regimens and drug residue standards.

Key words: antibiotic resistance; resistance genes; plant extracts; conjugation inhibitors

中图分类号:

S853.74

王雪杨, 林展, 李嘉琛, 席鹏, 张贺伟. 植物提取物与质粒携带的抗生素耐药基因水平转移关系的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(7): 3479-3488.

WANG Xueyang, LIN Zhan, LI Jiachen, XI Peng, ZHANG Hewei. Progress on Relationship Between Plant Extracts and Horizontal Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Carried by Plasmids[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(7): 3479-3488.

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