NCG对长期冷暴露妊娠后期蒙古羊体增重、血液指标、胎儿发育及肝脏氧化损伤的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】本试验旨在研究长期冷暴露对妊娠后期母羊体重变化、血清生化指标、抗氧化指标、非特异性免疫指标、胎羊发育情况以及母羊与胎羊肝脏氧化损伤的影响及N-氨基甲酰谷氨酸(N-carbamylglutamate，NCG)的调控作用。【方法】选择24只3～4岁、体重相近(48.53 kg±3.64 kg)、健康的妊娠后期蒙古羊，随机分为3组，每组8个重复，每个重复1只羊。对照组(C组)饲养于暖舍(平均温度3.60 ℃)，2个试验组(L及LN组)饲养于舍外(平均温度-12.20 ℃)，LN组每只羊每天灌服10 mL蒸馏水+2.5 g NCG配制的悬液，C及L组每只羊每天灌服10 mL蒸馏水。试验预饲期10 d，正试期62 d。试验期间于第1、30及60天记录母羊体重；正试期开始及结束时采集母羊颈静脉血液，测定血清生化指标、抗氧化指标、免疫指标、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴(HPA)和下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴(HPT)激素含量；试验结束时屠宰采样，测定胎羊体重、器官指数以及母羊与胎羊肝脏氧化损伤指标8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine,8-OHdG)、4-羟基壬烯酸(4-hydroxynonaenoic acid,4-HNE)、晚期氧化蛋白产物(advanced oxidative protein products,AOPP)、3-硝基酪氨酸(3-nitrotyrosine,3-NT)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。【结果】 ①LN组母羊平均日增重(ADG)在试验后期和全期均显著高于L组(P＜0.05)，L与C组在试验前期、试验后期及试验全期均无显著差异(P＞0.05)。L组胎羊体重显著低于C及LN组(P＜0.05)，LN与C组无显著差异(P＞0.05)。除肺脏外，L组胎羊内脏器官重量均显著低于C和LN组(P＜0.05)。②试验结束时，LN组母羊血清游离脂肪酸(NEFA)含量显著高于C及L组(P＜0.05)，L组母羊血清β-羟丁酸(β-HB)含量显著低于C及LN组(P＜0.05)。③L组母羊血清甲状腺素(T₄)含量低于C组(P＜0.05)，LN组介于二者之间，差异不显著(P＞0.05)。④对于肝脏氧化损伤指标，L组母羊8-OHdG含量显著高于C组(P＜0.05)，LN组高于C组、低于L组(P＞0.05)；L组母羊SOD活性显著低于C与LN组(P＜0.05)，LN组低于C组(P＞0.05)；胎羊肝脏的氧化损伤指标组间无显著差异(P＞0.05)。【结论】母羊妊娠后期冷暴露降低了母羊ADG，血清代谢出现异常，肝脏发生氧化损伤；补充NCG可以改善冷暴露对母羊及胎羊的不利影响。

关键词: 妊娠后期; NCG; 长期冷暴露; 氧化损伤

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment was to investigate how long-term cold exposure affect ewes’ weight changes,serum biochemical indicators,antioxidant indicators,non-specific immune indicators,as well as fetal development,and oxidative damage to the liver of ewes and fetal sheep in late pregnancy.Meanwhile,the regulatory role of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) was also investigated. 【Method】 24 healthy Mongolian sheep in late pregnancy,aged 3-4 years,with similar body weight (48.53 kg± 3.64 kg),were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 8 replicates in each group and 1 sheep in each replicate.The control group (group C) was raised in a warm house (average temperature 3.60 ℃),while the two experimental groups (groups L and LN) were out of the house (average temperature -12.20 ℃).In addition,each sheep in LN group was orally administered 10 mL of distilled water and 2.5 g of NCG suspension per day,while each sheep in groups C and L was orally administered 10 mL of distilled water per day.The pre-feeding period was 10 days,and the normal test period was 62 days.During the experiment,the weight of the ewes was recorded on the 1 st,30th,and 60th day.At the beginning and end of the trial period,the jugular vein blood of ewes was collected to measure serum biochemical indicators,antioxidant indicators,immune indicators,and hormone levels in the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) and hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis (HPT).At the end of the experiment,the experimental sheep were slaughtered and sampled to measure the fetal sheep’s body weight,organ index,as well as the oxidative damage indicators of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),4-hydroxynonaenoic acid (4-HNE),advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP),3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) content,and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver of ewe and fetal sheep. 【Result】 ①The average daily weight gain (ADG) of ewes in group LN was significantly higher than group L in the later and whole stages of the experiment (P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between groups L and C in the early,late,and entire stages of the experiment (P＞0.05).Fetal sheep weight in group L was significantly lower than groups C and LN (P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between groups LN and C (P＞0.05). Except for the lungs,the visceral organ weight of fetal sheep in group L was significantly lower than groups C and LN (P＜0.05).②At the end of the experiment,the serum NEFA content of ewes in group LN was significantly higher than groups C and L (P＜0.05),and the serum β-HB content of ewes in group L was significantly lower than groups C and LN.③The serum T₄ content of ewes in group L was significantly lower than group C (P＜0.05),while the group LN was between them,with no significant difference (P＞0.05).④For hepatic oxidative damage indicators,the content of 8-OHdG of ewes in group L was significantly higher than group C (P＜0.05),while group LN was higher than group C and lower than group L (P＞0.05).The SOD activity of ewes in group L was significantly lower than groups C and LN (P＜0.05),and group LN was lower than group C (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the oxidative damage indicators of fetal sheep liver among the three groups (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Cold exposure in late pregnancy of ewes reduced their ADG,abnormal serum metabolism,and oxidative damage to the liver.Supplementing NCG could improve the adverse effects of cold exposure on ewes and fetal sheep.

Key words: late pregnancy; NCG; long-term cold exposure; oxidative damage

中图分类号:

S826.5

李康, 智宇, 田婧, 石璐璐, 李蕴华, 郝宸昉, 郭天龙. NCG对长期冷暴露妊娠后期蒙古羊体增重、血液指标、胎儿发育及肝脏氧化损伤的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(7): 3155-3164.

LI Kang, ZHI Yu, TIAN Jing, SHI Lulu, LI Yunhua, HAO Chenfang, GUO Tianlong. The Effects of NCG on Body Weight Gain, Blood Indicators, Fetal Development and Liver Oxidative Damage in Mongolian Sheep Exposed to Long-term Cold During Late Pregnancy[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(7): 3155-3164.

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