河南省猪圆环病毒4型的分子检测与遗传进化分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.08.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】猪圆环病毒4型(Porcine circovirus type 4，PCV4)是近年来新发现的与猪呼吸道疾病、腹泻及皮炎肾病综合征相关的一种猪圆环病毒。本研究旨在调查河南省猪场中PCV4的流行态势与遗传变异情况。【方法】对2020年1月至2023年8月从河南省采集的504份疑似PCV4感染的猪血清和组织样品，采用PCR方法进行PCV4检测，对PCV4阳性样品进行全基因组扩增并测序。使用DNAStar软件中MegAlign程序对PCV4全基因组序列进行相似性比对，通过MegAlign和BioEdit软件对Rep、Cap蛋白氨基酸序列进行比对分析。【结果】 504份样品中PCV4检出率为15.28%(77/504)，除了信阳地区未检出PCV4外，其他地区均检出PCV4。获得了15条PCV4全基因组序列，它们之间的核苷酸序列相似性为97.7%～99.9%，与GenBank收录的51条PCV4基因组序列相似性为97.7%～100%。氨基酸序列分析显示，Rep蛋白主要氨基酸突变为V239L，Cap蛋白主要氨基酸突变为S27N、R28G和L212M。遗传进化分析显示，PCV4归为圆环病毒科圆环病毒属，与水貂圆环病毒亲缘性最高。15株PCV4中有10株属于PCV4a，3株属于PCV4b，2株属于PCV4c。【结论】 PCV4在河南省猪场中已广泛存在，且PCV4a已成为河南地区主要流行毒株。试验结果丰富了河南地区PCV4的流行病学数据，为PCV4的防控和进一步研究提供参考。

关键词: 猪圆环病毒4型(PCV4); 分子检测; 全基因组; 遗传进化

Abstract: 【Objective】 Porcine circovirus type 4 (PCV4) is a newly discovered type of Porcine circovirus related to respiratory diseases,diarrhea and dermatitis-nephrotic syndrome of pigs in recent years.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and genetic variation of PCV4 in pig farms in Henan province. 【Method】 From January 2020 to August 2023,504 porcine serum and tissue samples suspected of PCV4 infection collected from Henan province were detected by PCR method.Whole-genome amplification and sequencing were performed on PCV4 positive samples.The similarity comparison of the whole genome sequence of PCV4 was conducted using MegAlign program in DNAStar software.The amino acid sequences of Rep and Cap proteins were compared and analyzed by MegAlign and BioEdit software. 【Result】 Among 504 samples,the detection rate of PCV4 was 15.28% (77/504),and except for Xinyang,PCV4 was detected in all other cities.15 PCV4 whole genome sequences were obtained,the similarity of nucleotide sequences among them ranged from 97.7% to 99.9%,and the similarity with the 51 genomic sequences of PCV4 included in GenBank ranged from 97.7% to 100%.Amino acid sequence analysis showed that the main amino acid mutation in Rep protein was V239L,while the main amino acid mutations in Cap protein were S27N,R28G and L212M.Genetic evolution analysis showed PCV4 belonged to Circovirus of Circoviridae and had the highest affinity with Mink circovirus.Among 15 PCV4 strains,10 strains belonged to PCV4a,3 strains belonged to PCV4b,and 2 strains belonged to PCV4c. 【Conclusion】 PCV4 had been widely present in pig farms of Henan province,and PCV4a had become the main prevalent strain.This study had enriched the epidemiological data of PCV4 in Henan region,providing references for the prevention and control of PCV4 and further research.

Key words: Porcine circovirus type 4 (PCV4); molecular detection; whole genome; genetic evolution

中图分类号:

S852.65^＋9.2

文英会, 李豪, 陈曦艋, 王坤丽, 赵丽, 马世杰, 闫志浩, 陈红英. 河南省猪圆环病毒4型的分子检测与遗传进化分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(8): 3865-3876.

WEN Yinghui, LI Hao, CHEN Ximeng, WANG Kunli, ZHAO Li, MA Shijie, YAN Zhihao, CHEN Hongying. Molecular Detection and Genetic Evolution Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 4 in Henan Province[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(8): 3865-3876.

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