列当提取物工艺优化及体内外抗氧化活性研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.12.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】本研究旨在探讨列当提取物的抗氧化活性以及总苷、多糖成分对顺铂诱导的大鼠生殖系统氧化损伤的保护作用。【方法】本研究采用响应面法优化列当水提取工艺，通过体内外抗氧化试验测定水提物抗氧化活性，进一步从水提物中分离总苷和多糖，评价其对顺铂诱导的大鼠生殖系统损伤的保护作用。【结果】结合生产实际和提取成本，确定最佳提取条件为：提取时间90 min、提取温度100 ℃、料液比1∶30。体外抗氧化结果显示，列当水提物对2,2'-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸(ABTS)自由基、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基和羟自由基均具有显著的清除能力，且随浓度提高抗氧化活性逐渐增强。体内试验结果显示，多糖低剂量组大鼠血清活性氧(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)、蛋白质羰基(PCO)含量显著低于模型对照组(P＜0.05)；总苷低、中、高剂量组、多糖低剂量组大鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总苷低、中剂量组、多糖中剂量组大鼠血清中还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量均显著高于模型对照组(P＜0.05)；总苷和多糖低、中、高剂量均能显著抑制顺铂诱导的雌性大鼠血清促卵泡生成激素(FSH)升高，其中总苷低、中剂量和多糖低剂量效果最显著(P＜0.05)；总苷、多糖各剂量组能增加血清雌二醇(E₂)含量，总苷低剂量组大鼠血清睾酮(T)含量显著升高(P＜0.05)；总苷和多糖低剂量组可显著降低睾丸指数，且可显著抑制卵巢指数下降(P＜0.05)，保护卵巢卵泡形态，抑制颗粒细胞和卵泡液减少；总苷和多糖高剂量均显著降低附睾指数(P＜0.05)，改善精原细胞和精子数量，保护睾丸支持细胞形态。【结论】列当提取物通过其显著的抗氧化作用和激素调节机制，对顺铂诱导的大鼠生殖系统损伤具有显著的保护作用。本研究为列当提取物在临床中的应用提供了重要的试验依据和理论参考。

关键词: 列当提取物; 工艺优化; 抗氧化活性; 生殖损伤; 激素调节

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity of Orobanche coerulescens extract and the protective effects of its total glycosides and polysaccharides on cisplatin-induced oxidative damage in the rat reproductive system. 【Method】 The water extraction process of Orobanche coerulescens was optimized using response surface methodology. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the extract.Furthermore,total glycosides and polysaccharides isolated from the water extract were assessed for their protective effects against cisplatin-induced reproductive system injury in rats. 【Result】 Considering production feasibility and extraction cost,the optimal extraction conditions were determined to be:Extraction time of 90 min,extraction temperature of 100 ℃,and a material-liquid ratio of 1∶30.The in vitro antioxidant results demonstrated that Orobanche coerulescens water extract exhibited significant scavenging activity against ABTS,DPPH,and hydroxyl radicals,with antioxidant activity increasing in a dose-dependent manner.In vivo experiments showed that rats in the low-dose polysaccharide group had significantly lower serum reactive oxygen species (ROS),malondialdehyde (MDA),and protein carbonyl (PCO) contents compared to model control group (P＜0.05).Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly higher in low-,medium-,and high-dose total glycoside groups and low-dose polysaccharide group,while serum reduced glutathione (GSH) contents were significantly increased in low- and medium-dose total glycoside groups and medium-dose polysaccharide group (P＜0.05).Both total glycosides and polysaccharides at all doses significantly inhibited cisplatin-induced increases in serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in female rats,with the most pronounced effects observed in low- and medium-dose total glycoside groups and low-dose polysaccharide group (P＜0.05).Serum estradiol (E₂) levels were increased in all total glycoside and polysaccharide groups,and testosterone (T) levels were significantly elevated in low-dose total glycoside group (P＜0.05).Low-dose total glycosides and polysaccharides significantly reduced testicular index,prevented a decrease in ovarian index (P＜0.05),preserved ovarian follicle morphology,and inhibited the reduction of granulosa cells and follicular fluid.High doses of total glycosides and polysaccharides significantly decreased epididymal index (P＜0.05),improved spermatogonia and sperm counts,and preserved the morphology of testicular supporting cells. 【Conclusion】 Orobanche coerulescens extract exerted significant protective effects against cisplatin-induced reproductive system damage in rats through its potent antioxidant activity and hormonal regulation.This study provided experimental evidence and theoretical support for the clinical application of Orobanche coerulescens extract.

Key words: Orobanche coerulescens extract; process optimization; antioxidant activity; reproductive injury; hormone regulation

中图分类号:

S853.74

高珍珍, 赵留威, 乔杰, 张超, 杨英. 列当提取物工艺优化及体内外抗氧化活性研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(12): 5942-5955.

GAO Zhenzhen, ZHAO Liuwei, QIAO Jie, ZHANG Chao, YANG Ying. Process Optimization of Orobanche coerulescens Extract and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Activities in vitro and in vivo[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(12): 5942-5955.

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