小单元隔离栏舍对PRRSV和PCV2免疫退出防控的效果研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.12.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究小单元隔离栏舍对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus，PRRSV)和猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)免疫及免疫退出的防控效果。【方法】试验设置常规封闭式栏舍免疫退出组(conventional closed pigsty immune-exit group，CCP-N)和PCV2免疫组(PCV2 immune group，CCP-PCV2)，小单元隔离栏舍免疫退出组(small-cell partition pigsty immune-exit group,SPP-N)、PCV2免疫组(PCV2 immune group，SPP-PCV2)和PRRSV免疫组(PRRSV immune group,SPP-PRRSV)，每组10个重复，每个重复1头猪，从断奶至出栏养殖200 d。2种栏舍的免疫退出组不进行任何疫苗免疫，PCV2免疫组和PRRSV免疫组分别于入栏后第20和30天进行1次疫苗免疫。试验第0、60、140、200天检测血液PRRSV N蛋白抗体和PCV2抗体水平，试验第200天检测血液PRRSV GP5蛋白抗体水平和组织PRRSV核酸水平，观察和统计试验猪肺部病变情况。【结果】在试验期内，SPP-N组猪血清PRRSV N蛋白的抗体水平全程处于低水平状态，显著低于其余各组(P＜0.05)；PRRSV阳性率全程为0，明显低于其余各组。试验结束时SPP-N组猪血清PRRSV GP5蛋白抗体水平极显著低于其余各组(P＜0.01)；PRRSV N蛋白抗体单阴性率及N蛋白和GP5蛋白抗体双阴性率均为100%，高于其余各组；猪肺脏组织病变得分值最低且极显著低于其余各组(P＜0.01)；组织PRRSV核酸阴性率及猪血清PRRSV N蛋白抗体、GP5蛋白抗体和组织PRRSV核酸三阴性率为100%，高于其余各组。试验第60天，所有试验组猪血清PCV2抗体水平和阳性率升至峰值并维持至试验结束。【结论】在存在PRRSV和PCV2混合感染的养殖场，小单元隔离栏舍PRRSV和PCV2免疫退出养殖效果显著，可有效阻断PRRSV的感染，明显提升猪肺脏健康度，起到PRRSV长期阴性养殖的效果，是一种良好的施行PRRSV和PCV2免疫退出养殖的支撑设备。

关键词: 小单元; 隔离; 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV); 猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2); 防控; 免疫退出

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment aimed to study the prevention effect of small-cell partition pigsty on Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) immune and immune-exit. 【Method】 Conventional closed pigsty was set up for immune-exit group (CCP-N) and PCV2 immune group (CCP-PCV2).Small-cell partition pigsty was set up for immune-exit group (SPP-N),PCV2 immune group (SPP-PCV2),and PRRSV immune group (SPP-PRRSV).Each group consisted of 10 replicates,with 1 pig per replicate,and raised for 200 days from weaning to slaughter.Pigs in immune-exit groups in both housing systems received no vaccination. PCV2 immune and PRRSV immune groups were administered one dose of the respective vaccine on the 20th and 30th day after enrollment,respectively.Blood samples were collected on days 0,60,140 and 200 for PRRSV N protein and PCV2 serum antibody detection.At the end of the experiment,the PRRSV GP5 protein antibody levels in serum and PRRSV nucleic acid negative rate in tissues were tested,and lung lesion conditions were observed and statistically analyzed. 【Result】 During the experimental period,the antibody levels of PRRSV N protein in SPP-N group were consistently low,and significantly lower than the other groups (P＜0.05).The positive rate of PRRSV in SPP-N group was 0,and consistently significantly lower than the other groups.At the end of the experiment,the antibody levels of PRRSV GP5 protein in SPP-N group were extremely significantly lower than the other groups (P＜0.01).The single negativity rate of PRRSV N protein antibody in serum and the double negativity rate of PRRSV N protein and GP5 protein antibodies in SPP-N group were both 100%,and were higher than the other groups.The lung tissue lesion scores in SPP-N group were the lowest and extremely significantly lower than the other groups (P＜0.01).The negative rate of PRRSV nucleic acid in tissues and the triple negative rate of PRRSV N protein antibody,GP5 protein antibody and tissue PRRSV nucleic acid in pig serum were 100%,which was higher than the other groups.During the experimental period,the antibody level and positive rate of PCV2 in all groups peaked at day 60 and remained stable until the end of the experiment. 【Conclusion】 In swine farms with mixed infection of PRRSV and PCV2,the effect of small-cell partition pigsty for PRRSV and PCV2 immune-exit were significant effectiveness.Small-cell partition pigsty could effectively block PRRSV transmission,markedly improve lung health in pigs,and achieve long-term PRRSV negative farming.And it was an effective equipment for carrying out PRRSV and PCV2 immune pigsty breeding.

Key words: small-cell; partition; Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV); Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2); prevention and control; immune-exit

中图分类号:

S852.65⁺1

张杏艳, 陈宝剑, 刘明君, 关志惠, 秦谦涛, 潘星辰, 蓝晞, 朱文, 梁旦, 农素群, 潘翠玲, 杨楷, 廖玲玲, 谢炳坤, 蓝海恩. 小单元隔离栏舍对PRRSV和PCV2免疫退出防控的效果研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(12): 5881-5890.

ZHANG Xingyan, CHEN Baojian, LIU Mingjun, GUAN Zhihui, QIN Qiantao, PAN Xingchen, LAN Xi, ZHU Wen, LIANG Dan, NONG Suqun, PAN Cuiling, YANG Kai, LIAO Lingling, XIE Bingkun, LAN Haien. Study on the Prevention and Control Effect of Small-cell Partition Pigsty on PRRSV and PCV2 Immune-exit in Pig[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(12): 5881-5890.

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