中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 892-902.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.02.034

• 遗传繁育 • 上一篇    下一篇

关岭牛同期发情效果的影响因素研究

孙新明(), 陈祖鸿, 符世雄, 叶方   

  1. 安顺职业技术学院,安顺 561000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-26 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-01-27
  • 通讯作者: 孙新明 E-mail:18083322086@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    安顺职业技术学院2023年院级基金项目(安职院TD合N202301号、安职院重点基金合N202305号);2025年安顺市科技计划项目:肉牛良种繁育关键技术研究与示范

Study on the Influencing Factors of Estrus Synchronization Effect in Guanling Cattle

SUN Xinming(), CHEN Zuhong, FU Shixiong, YE Fang   

  1. Anshun Vocational and Technical College,Anshun 561000,China
  • Received:2025-06-26 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-01-27
  • Contact: SUN Xinming E-mail:18083322086@163.com

摘要:

目的 探讨处理方法、繁殖状态、处理月份和膘情对关岭牛同期发情效果的影响,为进一步优化关岭牛同期发情策略、提高规模化养牛场的繁殖效率提供依据。 方法 选取150头2岁以上健康关岭牛母牛,随机分为5组,每组30头,进行如下试验,并在发情鉴定后进行人工输精配种。试验一:选取中等偏上膘情的经产关岭牛在7月份采用牛用孕酮阴道栓(CIDR)+氯前列烯醇钠(PGF)(试验1组)和2次PGF注射(试验2组)处理,探讨两种处理方式对关岭牛同期发情效果的影响。以下试验均采用2次PGF注射法进行处理,其中,试验二:选取中等偏上膘情的经产关岭牛在3月份进行处理(试验3组);试验三:选取膘情偏瘦的经产关岭牛在7月份进行处理(试验4组);试验四:选取中等偏上膘情的后备关岭牛母牛在7月份进行处理(试验5组)。将试验3~5组所得到的关岭牛同期发情率和情期受胎率分别与试验2组进行比较,以探讨不同处理月份、膘情和繁殖状态对同期发情效果的影响。 结果 试验1、2组关岭牛的发情率分别为93.33%和90.00%,情期受胎率分别为89.29%和88.89%,两组间差异均不显著(P>0.05);试验3、4组关岭牛的发情率(66.67%和36.67%)及情期受胎率(75.00%和54.55%)显著或极显著低于试验2组(P<0.05;P<0.01);试验5组关岭牛的发情率(83.33%)和情期受胎率(88.00%)与试验2组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。 结论 同期发情处理方法和繁殖状态对关岭牛同期发情效果无显著影响,处理月份和膘情会显著影响关岭牛的同期发情效果,宜选用中上等膘情的健康母牛,在饲草丰富的温暖时节进行同期发情处理才能获得相对较好的同期化效果。

关键词: 关岭牛; 同期发情; 处理月份; 膘情; 繁殖状态

Abstract:

Objective In order to provide a basis for further optimizing the estrus synchronization strategy of Guanling cattle and improving the reproductive efficiency of large-scale cattle farms,this experiment was designed to investigate the effects of treatment methods, treatment months, fat conditions and reproductive status on the estrus synchronization of Guanling cattle. Method 150 healthy female Guanling cattle over 2 years old were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups, 30 cattle in each group. The following experiments were carried out, and artificial insemination was carried out after estrus identification. Experiment 1: 30 multiparous Guanling cattle with moderate to upper fatness were selected and treated with CIDR+ PGF (group 1) and twice PGF injection (group 2) in July to compare the effect of two treatment methods on estrus synchronization. The following experiments were carried out by twice PGF injection. Experiment 2: 30 multiparous Guanling cattle with moderate to upper fatness were treated in March (group 3). Experiment 3: 30 multiparous Guanling cattle with lean fatness were treated in July (group 4). Experiment 4: In July, 30 reserve Guanling cattle with moderate to upper fatness were treated (group 5). The estrus synchronization rates and non-return rates obtained from groups 3-5 were compared with the data of group 2 to explore the effect of Guanling cattle in different treatment months, fat conditions and reproductive status on estrus synchronization effects. Result There were no significant difference in estrus rate (93.33% and 90.00%) and non-return rate (89.29% and 88.89%) of Guanling cattle between groups 1 and 2 (P>0.05). The estrus rate (66.67% and 36.67%) and non-return rate (75.00% and 54.55%) of Guanling cattle in groups 3 and 4 were significantly or extremely significantly lower than that in group 2 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were no significant difference in estrus rate (83.33%) and non-return rate (88.00%) of Guanling cattle between groups 5 and 2 (P>0.05). Conclusion The estrus synchronization treatment method and reproductive status had no significant effect on the estrus synchronization effect of Guanling cattle. The treatment month and fat condition could affect the estrus synchronization effect of Guanling cattle. It was appropriate to select the healthy cows with moderate to upper fatness, and the estrus synchronization treatment should be carried out in the warm season with abundant forage to obtain a relatively better synchronization effect.

Key words: Guanling cattle; synchronization estrus; treatment month; fat condition; reproductive status

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