中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 459-468.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.01.041

• 基础兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川肉牛源疣状毛癣菌的分离鉴定、系统发育分析与药敏试验

王娅(), 李志国(), 罗荣艳, 刘瑞国, 左之才(), 马晓平()   

  1. 四川农业大学动物医学院,动物疫病与人类健康四川省重点实验室,成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-07 出版日期:2026-01-05 发布日期:2025-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 左之才,马晓平 E-mail:wangya13570@sicau.edu.cn;2022303131@stu.sicau.edu.cn;zzcjl@126.com;mxp886@sicau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王娅,E-mail:wangya13570@sicau.edu.cn
    李志国,E-mail:2022303131@stu.sicau.edu.cn
    第一联系人:共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-37);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川肉牛创新团队项目(SCCXTD-2022-13);四川昭化肉牛羊科技小院(2024018)

Isolation, Identification, Phylogenetic Analysis and Drug Sensitivity Test of Trichophyton verrucosum from Beef Cattle in Sichuan

WANG Ya(), LI Zhiguo(), LUO Rongyan, LIU Ruiguo, ZUO Zhicai(), MA Xiaoping()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Human Health of Sichuan Province,College of Veterinary Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China
  • Received:2025-03-07 Online:2026-01-05 Published:2025-12-26
  • Contact: ZUO Zhicai, MA Xiaoping E-mail:wangya13570@sicau.edu.cn;2022303131@stu.sicau.edu.cn;zzcjl@126.com;mxp886@sicau.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 探究四川肉牛真菌性皮肤病的病原,为该病的防治提供参考。 方法 采集四川各地疑似皮肤癣病的患畜皮屑,用三点接种法将采集的样本接种于皮肤癣菌鉴别培养基,将分离得到的菌株经内部转录间隔区(ITS)序列扩增后通过NCBI数据库BLAST分析基因相似性并构建系统发育树,以107 CFU/mL分离菌孢子悬液感染免疫抑制小鼠,观察临床症状和病理学特征,微量二倍稀释法探究分离菌耐药表型。 结果 从24个样本中分离到10株真菌(rntv01~rntv10)。PCR扩增结果显示,分离株均得到大小为681 bp的扩增片段;BLAST比对结果显示,分离株与疣状毛癣菌相似性为97%~100%;动物试验结果显示,免疫抑制小鼠感染该菌后皮肤出现被毛脱落、结痂、皮屑增多等症状,HE染色后观察到表皮角质层角化不全、炎性细胞增生,PAS染色后观察到大量菌丝侵染;药敏试验结果显示,除rntv10外,其余菌株对两性霉素B中介;分离菌对伊曲康唑敏感性不同,rntv09、rntv10敏感,rntv01、rntv04~rntv08中介,rntv02、rntv03耐药;rntv10对酮康唑敏感、对5-氟胞嘧啶中介,其余菌株均为耐药株;所有菌株对环吡酮胺中介,对氟康唑和特比萘芬耐药。 结论 四川肉牛真菌性皮肤病主要病原是疣状毛癣菌,该菌可引起小鼠皮肤的侵袭性感染,患病牛可用两性霉素B、伊曲康唑或环吡酮胺进行治疗。

关键词: 肉牛; 疣状毛癣菌; 分离鉴定; ITS序列; 系统发育分析; 药敏试验

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to explore the etiology of fungal dermatitis in Sichuan cattle and to provide reference for prevention and control of the disease. Method Skin scabs from animals suspected of having dermatophytosis were collected from various locations in Sichuan province, and the collected samples were inoculated into the dermatophyte identification medium by three-point inoculation method. The isolated strains were amplified by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence, and the genetic similarity was analyzed by NCBI BLAST and the phylogenetic tree was constructed. Immunosuppressed mice were infected with 107 CFU/mL spore suspension of the isolates to observe the clinical symptoms and pathological features, and the drug resistance phenotype of the isolates was explored by micro-double dilution method. Result Ten fungal strains (rntv01 to rntv10) were isolated from 24 samples. PCR amplification results showed that all the isolates obtained amplification fragments of 681 bp in size. The BLAST comparison results showed that the similarities between the isolates and Trichophyton verrucosum were 97% to 100%. The results of animal experiments showed that after immunosuppressed mice were infected with the isolates, their skin presented symptoms such as hair loss, scabbing, and increased dandruff. After HE staining, incomplete keratinization of the epidermal stratum corneum and hyperplasia of inflammatory cells were observed, and after PAS staining, a large amount of mycelial infection was observed. The results of the drug sensitivity test showed that, except for rntv10, the other strains were intermediate to amphotericin B. The isolated strains had different sensitivities to itraconazole, rntv09 and rntv10 were sensitive, rntv01 and rntv04-rntv08 were intermediate, and rntv02 and rntv03 were resistant. rntv10 was sensitive to ketoconazole and intermediate to 5-flucytosine, while the remaining strains were drug-resistant. All strains were intermediate to ciclopirox olamine and resistant to fluconazole and terbinafine. Conclusion The main pathogen of fungal dermatitis in Sichuan beef cattle was Trichophyton verrucosum. The fungus caused invasive skin infections in mice. Most of the diseased cattle could be treated with amphotericin B, itraconazole and ciclopirox olamine.

Key words: beef cattle; Trichophyton verrucosum; isolation and identification; ITS sequence; phylogenetic analysis; drug sensitivity test

中图分类号: