China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 973-983.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.02.041

• Preventive Veterinary Medicine • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Expression of Chicken DDX21 Protein and Preparation and Application of Its Polyclonal Antibody

WANG Mengdi1(), ZHANG Miaoxiang1, ZENG Yubing1, LIANG Yanjiao1, HUANG Teng1, HUANG Jianni1,2,3()   

  1. 1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China
    2.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding,Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530004,China
    3.Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics,Nanning 530004,China
  • Received:2025-05-07 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-01-27
  • Contact: HUANG Jianni E-mail:mengdi42370@163.com;jiannihuang@gxu.edu.cn

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the structure and function of the chicken DDX21 RNA helicase and to explore its potential role in the innate immune response induced by H9N2 subtype Avian influenza virus (AIV). Method The chicken DDX21 gene was amplified and analyzed using bioinformatics tools. The recombinant chicken DDX21 protein was expressed in an Escherichia coli expression system through IPTG induction. Polyclonal antibody against chicken DDX21 were generated by immunizing rabbits with the purified protein. Antibody titers were quantified via indirect ELISA, and the reactivity of the polyclonal antibody to the endogenous chicken DDX21 protein was detected by Western blotting. Result The chicken DDX21 gene coding sequence (CDS) was 2 145 bp, encoding 714 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence of the chicken DDX21 gene cloned into the pMD18-T vector was verified by Sanger sequencing, and was consistent with the reference sequence available in the GenBank database (accession No.: XM_040675361.2). Amino acid sequence alignment revealed high homology between chicken DDX21 and other avian species, with similarity ranging from 68.8% to 89.7%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the amino acid sequence of chicken DDX21 clustered within the avian clade, exhibiting close relationships with those of avian species. The protein contained conserved DEXDc, HELICc and GUCT domains, and its tertiary structure shared a similarity of 82.71% with that of human DDX21. The molecular weight of the recombinant protein was determined to be 101 ku, aligning with expectation. The polyclonal antibody titer reached 1∶320 000, and the polyclonal antibody successfully recognized endogenous DDX21 protein. The expression level of chicken DDX21 protein was upregulated in multiple tissues of chicken infected with H9N2 subtype AIV, revealing the involvement of chicken DDX21 in the response to viral infection. Conclusion This study successfully characterized chicken DDX21 gene, and the developed polyclonal antibody recognized the endogenous chicken DDX21 protein. These findings provided a foundation for further investigation into the mechanisms of chicken DDX21 in regulating the type Ⅰ interferon signaling pathways.

Key words: chicken; DDX21 gene; sequence analysis; polyclonal antibody

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