中药抗猪流行性腹泻病毒研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.10.042

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 猪流行性腹泻(porcine epidemic diarrhea，PED)是由猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus，PEDV)引起的高度接触性猪胃肠道传染病。该疾病具有病程急、各日龄猪均易感、致死率高等特点，给养猪业造成重大经济损失。PEDV可感染并破坏小肠上皮细胞，致使小肠内的酶活性降低，引起小肠内水和电解质积蓄及代谢紊乱，特别是未消化的乳糖在肠道内积累，增加了肠道渗透压，导致体液滞留肠管，最终引发腹泻和脱水。目前，疫苗接种是预防PED的主要手段，但现有的商品化疫苗在免疫效果和广谱性上存在局限性，无法完全抵御PEDV的感染，且目前尚缺乏有效的治疗药物。中草药因其天然来源、生物活性多样性、高安全性、低毒性和不易产生耐药性等特性，为PED的防治提供了新的视角。已有研究证实，某些中药或中药提取物具有抑制PEDV的潜力，国内外学者在中药抗PEDV作用及其机制方面的研究已取得积极进展。笔者对PEDV的致病机制、中医辨证方法、治疗PED的中药复方，以及中药有效成分在PED治疗中的作用机制进行综述，以期为预防和治疗PED提供新的思路和研究参考。

关键词: 猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV); 中药复方; 中药提取物

Abstract: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED),which is caused by Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV),is a highly contagious gastrointestinal infection in pigs.This disease is characterized by a rapid course,susceptibility of pigs of all ages,and a high mortality rate,causing significant economic losses to the pig industry.PEDV can infect and damage small intestinal epithelial cells,leading to a reduction in enzyme activity in small intestine,resulting in the accumulation of water and electrolytes and metabolic disorders in small intestine,especially the accumulation of undigested lactose in intestine,increasing intestinal osmotic pressure and causing the retention of body fluids in intestine,ultimately leading to diarrhea and dehydration.Currently,vaccination is the primary approach for preventing PED.However,the existing commercial vaccines have limitations in terms of immune effect and broad-spectrum protection and cannot completely prevent the infection of PEDV.Additionally,there is still a scarcity of effective therapeutic drugs.Chinese herbal medicine offers a novel perspective for the prevention and control of PED due to its natural origin,diverse biological activities,high safety,low toxicity,and low resistance.Some studies have confirmed that some Chinese medicine or Chinese medicine extracts have the potential to inhibit PEDV,and domestic and foreign scholars have made positive progress in the research on the anti-PEDV effect of Chinese medicine and its mechanism.This paper reviewed the pathogenic mechanism of PEDV,TCM syndrome differentiation methods,TCM compounds for PED treatment,and the mechanism of action of TCM active components in PED treatment,aiming to provide new ideas and research references for the prevention and treatment of PED.

Key words: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV); Chinese medicine compound; Chinese medicine extract

中图分类号:

吕彦卓, 周御, 芦烘德, 王煜轩, 董虹, 何至远. 中药抗猪流行性腹泻病毒研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(10): 4977-4988.

LYU Yanzhuo, ZHOU Yu, LU Hongde, WANG Yuxuan, DONG Hong, HE Zhiyuan. Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine Against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(10): 4977-4988.

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