猪δ冠状病毒对断奶仔猪肠道细胞外基质及其动态变化的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探讨猪δ冠状病毒(Porcine deltacoronavirus，PDCoV)对断奶仔猪肠道细胞外基质(extracellular matrix，ECM)及其动态调控因子的影响，以缓解猪病原体感染和改善仔猪肠道健康。【方法】试验选取16头健康的8日龄仔猪(杜×长×大)，随机分为2组：对照组和PDCoV组，每组8头。对照组口腔灌服20 mL DMEM，PDCoV组口腔灌服20 mL PDCoV细胞培养液(10⁸ TCID₅₀/mL)，间隔8 h再灌服1次。攻毒后第3天屠宰所有仔猪，采集中段空肠和远端回肠样品，进行肠道胶原蛋白(collagen)、纤维黏连蛋白1(fibronectin，FN1)、整合素(integrin，ITG)及其相关调控因子等ECM相关指标的检测。【结果】与对照组相比，PDCoV组仔猪空肠白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、IL-8基因mRNA表达量均显著增加(P＜0.05)。Masson染色显示，PDCoV攻毒增加了空肠胶原蛋白的沉积。与对照组相比，PDCoV组仔猪空肠FN1、回肠ITGA1基因mRNA表达量显著降低(P＜0.05)。在空肠中，PDCoV组仔猪的ECM调控因子基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP2)、MMP9、纤溶酶原激活物(PAs)、运输和高尔基体组织2(TANGO2)基因mRNA表达量均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)，内质网通道蛋白(SEC6A1)、磷酸二酯酶4δ(PDE4D)基因mRNA表达量均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；与对照组相比，PDCoV组仔猪回肠中MMP2、PAs、SEC6A1基因mRNA表达量显著降低(P＜0.05)，MMP9基因mRNA表达量显著增加(P＜0.05)。通过Spearman相关性分析可知，调控因子MMP2、TANGO2、PAs与促炎症因子IL-1β、IL-8基因mRNA表达量呈显著负相关(P＜0.05)，与转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)基因mRNA表达量呈显著正相关(P＜0.05)；SEC6A1、PDE4D与IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8基因mRNA表达量呈显著正相关(P＜0.05)，PDE4D与TGF-β基因mRNA表达量呈显著负相关(P＜0.05)。【结论】灌服PDCoV会降低仔猪肠道中纤维黏连蛋白和整合素的表达，并通过调节ECM调控因子的表达量，引起断奶仔猪肠道中胶原蛋白沉积，影响肠道中ECM的动态变化，破坏肠道稳态健康。

关键词: 猪δ冠状病毒(PDCoV); 断奶仔猪; 细胞外基质; 基质金属蛋白酶

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) on the intestinal extracellular matrix (ECM) and its dynamic regulators in weaned piglets,in order to alleviate the infection of porcine pathogens and improve the intestinal health of piglets. 【Method】 Sixteen healthy 8-day-old piglets (Duroc×Landerace×Yorkshire) were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into control and PDCoV groups,8 piglets in each group with the control group receiving 20 mL of DMEM by oral gavage and the PDCoV group receiving 20 mL of PDCoV cell culture solution (10⁸ TCID₅₀/mL) by oral gavage,and another administration was given at an interval of 8 h.All piglets were slaughtered on the third day after challenge,and the middle jejunum and distal ileum samples were collected for the assay of ECM-related indices such as intestinal collagen,fibronectin (FN),integrin (ITG) and their related regulatory factors. 【Result】 Compared with control group,the mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β),IL-6 and IL-8 gene in jejunum of piglets in PDCoV group were significantly increased (P＜0.05).Masson staining showed that PDCoV increased jejunal collagen deposition.Compared with control group,the mRNA expressions of FN1 gene in jejunum and ITGA1 gene in ileum were significantly reduced in PDCoV group (P＜0.05).In jejunum,the mRNA expressions of ECM regulators matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2),MMP9,plasminogen activator (PAs),transport and Golgi tissue 2 (TANGO2) gene in PDCoV group were significantly lower than those in control group (P＜0.05),and the mRNA expressions of endoplasmic reticulum channel protein (SEC6A1) and phosphodiesterase 4δ (PDE4D) gene were significantly higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the mRNA expressions of MMP2,PAs and SEC6A1 gene in ileum of piglets in PDCoV group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and the mRNA expression of MMP9 gene was significantly increased (P＜0.05).As shown by Spearman correlation analysis,the regulatory factors MMP2, TANGO2 and PAs gene were significantly negatively correlated with proinflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-8,and were significantly positively correlated with TGF-β gene (P＜0.05).SEC6A1 and PDE4D gene were significantly positive correlation with IL-1,IL-6 and IL-8 gene (P＜0.05),and PDE4D gene was significantly negative correlation with TGF-β gene (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 PDCoV increased the deposition of collagens by regulating the expression of ECM regulatory factors and decreasing the expression of fibronectin and integrins,leading to the dynamic changes of intestinal ECM and disrupting the intestinal homeostasis in weaned piglets.

Key words: Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV); weaned piglets; extracellular matrix; matrix metalloproteinases

中图分类号:

S852.65^＋1

阮诗慧, 刘春艳, 韦洋洋, 何逸懿, 吴绮雯, 熊云霞, 杨雪芬, 王丽, 易宏波. 猪δ冠状病毒对断奶仔猪肠道细胞外基质及其动态变化的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(7): 3297-3307.

RUAN Shihui, LIU Chunyan, WEI Yangyang, HE Yiyi, WU Qiwen, XIONG Yunxia, YANG Xuefen, WANG Li, YI Hongbo. Effect of PDCoV on the Extracellular Matrix of the Intestine and Its Dynamic Changes in Weaned Piglets[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(7): 3297-3307.

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