杜洛克公猪精液性状的遗传参数估计

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究不同固定效应对精液性状的影响，并对杜洛克公猪精液性状进行遗传参数估计，评估各精液性状间的遗传相关和表型相关，为种公猪的选育和生产管理提供参考依据。【方法】使用计算机辅助精子分析系统(CASA)和流式细胞术检测杜洛克公猪精液相关指标，利用R软件对影响公猪精液性状的固定效应(包括采精方式、采精季节、采精月龄)进行方差分析及显著性检验，利用ASReml软件PBLUP法单性状动物模型、多性状动物模型估计公猪精液性状的遗传参数。【结果】采精方式、采精季节、采精月龄等固定效应对各精液性状具有不同影响。单性状动物模型估计结果显示，杜洛克公猪精液性状中除精液密度为中等遗传力性状外，其余均为低遗传力性状，各性状的遗传力估计值介于0.11(线粒体膜电位)～0.29(精液密度)之间；多性状动物模型估计结果显示,各性状的遗传力估计值介于0.10(精子畸形率)～0.30(精液密度)之间。在遗传相关方面，活性氧水平与顶体完整率(r=-0.570)、线粒体膜电位(r=-0.730)均呈强负相关；精液密度与精子活力(r=0.860)、线粒体膜电位与顶体完整率(r=0.930)均呈强正相关。在表型相关中，精液密度与精子活力(r=0.320)、线粒体膜电位与顶体完整率(r=0.380)均呈中等相关。【结论】各固定效应对杜洛克公猪精液性状均有影响，精液性状为中低遗传力性状，且精液性状间存在遗传相关，可通过对精液性状进行选择来提高种公猪精液品质。

关键词: 杜洛克公猪; 精液性状; 流式细胞术; 遗传参数估计

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the effects of different fixed effects on semen traits,estimate the genetic parameters of semen traits in Duroc boars,and evaluate the genetic and phenotypic correlations among semen traits,providing a reference for the selection and production management of breeding boars. 【Method】 Semen-related traits of Duroc boars were assessed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system and flow cytometry.ANOVA and significance tests were conducted to examine the fixed effects on semen traits using R software,including semen collection method,semen collection season,and semen collection month.The genetic parameters of semen traits were estimated using single-trait and multi-trait animal models,applying the PBLUP method in ASReml software. 【Result】 The fixed effects of semen collection method,semen collection season,and semen collection month had varying impacts on each semen trait.The single-trait animal model estimation revealed that most semen traits in Duroc boars had low heritability,except semen density,which had medium heritability.Heritability estimates for each trait ranged from 0.11 (mitochondrial membrane potential) to 0.29 (semen density).Multi-trait animal model estimation showed that the heritability estimates for each trait ranged from 0.10 (abnormal sperm percentage) to 0.30 (semen density).In terms of genetic correlations,a strong negative correlation was observed between reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and acrosome integrity rate (r=-0.570),and between ROS level and mitochondrial membrane potential (r=-0.730).A strong positive correlation was found between semen density and sperm motility (r=0.860),as well as between mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosome integrity rate (r=0.930).In terms of phenotypic correlation,there was a moderate correlation between semen density and sperm motility (r=0.320),as well as between mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosome integrity rate (r=0.380). 【Conclusion】 Each fixed effect affected semen traits in Duroc boars,which were low to medium heritability,and there was a genetic correlation among semen traits,which could be selected to improve the semen quality of boars.

Key words: Duroc boars; semen traits; flow cytometry; genetic parameter estimation

中图分类号:

S814

聂晶坤, 张雅轩, 杨希妍, 王素青, 朱晓萍, 赵云翔. 杜洛克公猪精液性状的遗传参数估计[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(7): 3256-3263.

NIE Jingkun, ZHANG Yaxuan, YANG Xiyan, WANG Suqing, ZHU Xiaoping, ZHAO Yunxiang. Estimation of Genetic Parameters of Semen Traits in Duroc Boars[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(7): 3256-3263.

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