盐酸多巴胺诱导肉鸡消化不良模型的研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.12.047

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】评估盐酸多巴胺对白羽肉鸡胃肠动力的影响，并进一步确定盐酸多巴胺诱导肉鸡胃肠动力障碍模型的适宜剂量。【方法】试验选取36只1日龄健康白羽肉鸡，随机分为对照组及盐酸多巴胺低、中、高剂量组，每组设3个生物学重复，各组肉鸡前期不作任何处理。14日龄时，盐酸多巴胺各剂量组肉鸡通过腹腔注射相应剂量盐酸多巴胺(3.979、7.958、15.916 mg/kg BW)建立胃肠动力障碍模型。试验结束后采集肉鸡胃肠组织，测定胃排空率和小肠推进率，检测胃肠消化酶活性、胃肠激素含量及肠道黏膜形态。【结果】与对照组相比，盐酸多巴胺各剂量组肉鸡的胃排空率及肠推进率均显著降低(P＜0.05)，且呈剂量依赖性；各组肉鸡肠道黏膜形态均无明显差异。消化酶活性测定结果显示，盐酸多巴胺中、高剂量组肉鸡不同肠段中胰淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和胰脂肪酶活性均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)。胃肠激素含量测定显示，与对照组相比，盐酸多巴胺各剂量组肉鸡十二指肠和血清中P物质、胃动素含量及肌胃多巴胺含量均显著降低(P＜0.05)，中、高剂量组肉鸡肌胃5-羟色胺含量显著降低(P＜0.05)；盐酸多巴胺各剂量组肉鸡血清及十二指肠中P物质、胃动素和肌胃多巴胺含量均随剂量增加而降低，各组间差异显著(P＜0.05)。【结论】盐酸多巴胺对白羽肉鸡胃肠动力存在显著影响，且呈剂量依赖性。本试验条件下，盐酸多巴胺诱导的肉鸡胃肠动力障碍模型最佳剂量为7.958 mg/kg BW。

关键词: 肉鸡; 盐酸多巴胺; 胃肠动力; 胃肠激素

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dopamine hydrochloride on the gastrointestinal motility of White-feathered broilers,and further determine the appropriate dosage of dopamine hydrochloride for inducing a gastrointestinal motility disorder model in broilers. 【Method】 Thirty-six 1-day-old healthy White-feathered broilers were selected for the experiment and randomly divided into the control group and the low-,medium- and high-dose groups of dopamine hydrochloride.Each group was set up with 3 biological replicates.No treatment was given to the broilers in the early stage of each group.At 14 days of age,the broilers in each dose group of dopamine hydrochloride were induced to develop a gastrointestinal motility disorder model by intraperitoneal injection of the corresponding doses of dopamine hydrochloride (3.979,7.958 and 15.916 mg/kg BW).After the experiment,the gastrointestinal tissues of the broilers were collected to measure the gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate.The activities of digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract,the contents of gastrointestinal hormones,and the morphology of the intestinal mucosa were also detected. 【Result】 Compared with control group,the gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate of broilers in each dose group of dopamine hydrochloride were significantly lower (P＜0.05),and this effect was dose-dependent.There were no significant differences in the intestinal mucosa morphology of the broilers in each group.The results of the digestive enzyme activity assay showed that in the medium- and high-dose groups of dopamine hydrochloride,the activities of pancreatic amylase,trypsin and pancrelipase in different intestinal segments of broilers were significantly lower than those in control group (P＜0.05).The measurement of gastrointestinal hormone levels revealed that,compared with control group,the levels of substance P,motilin and dopamine in duodenum and serum of broilers in each dose group of dopamine hydrochloride were significantly decreased (P＜0.05)，and the level of dopamine in gizzard was also significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The 5-hydroxytryptamine content in gizzards of broilers in the medium- and high-dose groups was significantly reduced (P＜0.05).The levels of substance P and motilin in serum and duodenum，and gastric dopamine content of the broilers in each dose group of dopamine hydrochloride decreased with the increase of the dose,and the differences among the groups were significant (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Dopamine hydrochloride had a significant effect on the gastrointestinal motility of White-feathered broilers,and this effect was dose-dependent.Under the conditions of this experiment,the optimal dose for inducing the gastrointestinal motility disorder in broilers by using dopamine hydrochloride was 7.958 mg/kg BW.

Key words: broilers; dopamine hydrochloride; gastrointestinal motility; gastrointestinal hormones

中图分类号:

S858.31

李明, 彭扬, 李鑫垚, 王世龙, 蔡鹏, 曾建国. 盐酸多巴胺诱导肉鸡消化不良模型的研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(12): 6052-6060.

LI Ming, PENG Yang, LI Xinyao, WANG Shilong, CAI Peng, ZENG Jianguo. Research on the Digestive Disorders Model Induced by Dopamine Hydrochloride in Broilers[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(12): 6052-6060.

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