miRNA调节卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡及其机制的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.12.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 微小核糖核酸(microRNA,miRNA)是一类内源性非编码RNA,具有广泛的基因表达调控作用,可以在转录后水平通过影响靶基因来调控相应蛋白质的表达,进而调节细胞的生命活动。miRNA在哺乳动物卵泡颗粒细胞中表达,并调控颗粒细胞的凋亡。颗粒细胞作为卵巢卵泡中数量最多的细胞群,在卵泡发育过程中起着至关重要的作用,不仅为卵母细胞提供营养物质,还调控其发育和成熟。颗粒细胞凋亡是导致卵泡闭锁的重要原因,影响卵泡的数量和质量从而影响雌性动物的繁殖性能。颗粒细胞凋亡过程受多种因素的调控。文章简述了miRNA对卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡的调控作用及其机制,其中包括miRNA通过调控激素分泌和细胞凋亡相关因子的表达进而调节颗粒细胞的凋亡,miRNA对颗粒细胞凋亡相关信号通路的影响,miRNA调控颗粒细胞凋亡导致的卵巢相关疾病,并总结了对颗粒细胞凋亡有调控作用的miRNA,以及miRNA在疾病诊断和治疗中的潜在作用,以期为后续相关卵巢疾病的发病机制和治疗方案研究,以及提高雌性哺乳动物生殖性能提供指导和参考。

关键词: 颗粒细胞; 凋亡; 卵巢源性疾病; miRNA

Abstract: Microribonucleic acid (microRNA, miRNA) is a type of endogenous non-coding RNA, which have a wide range of gene expression regulation.They can regulate the expression of corresponding proteins by affecting target genes at the post-transcriptional level, and then regulate cell life activities.miRNA is expressed in mammalian follicular granulosa cells and regulate the apoptosis of granulosa cells.Granulosa cells, as the most numerous cell group in ovarian follicles, play a vital role in the process of follicular development.They not only provide nutrients for oocytes, but also regulate their development and maturity.Granulosa cell apoptosis is an important cause of follicle atresia, which affects the number and quality of follicles and thus affecting the reproductive performance of female animals.The apoptosis of granulosa cells is regulated by a variety of factors.This paper briefly describes the regulatory effect and mechanism of miRNA on ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis, including miRNA regulating granulosa cell apoptosis by regulating hormone secretion and the expression of apoptosis-related factors, the effect of miRNA on granular cell apoptosis related signal pathway, miRNA regulating ovarian-derived diseases caused by granular cell apoptosis, and summarizes the miRNA that regulate granular cell apoptosis and the potential role of miRNA in disease diagnosis and treatment, in order to provide guidance and reference for the pathogenesis and treatment of subsequent related ovarian diseases and improve the reproductive performance of female mammals.

Key words: granulosa cells; apoptosis; ovarian-derived diseases; miRNA

中图分类号:

S852.2

李暄, 佟俊硕, 张大崇, 王丙云, 陈胜锋, 刘璨颖. miRNA调节卵泡颗粒细胞凋亡及其机制的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(12): 4429-4441.

LI Xuan, TONG Junshuo, ZHANG Dachong, WANG Bingyun, CHEN Shengfeng, LIU Canying. Research Advances on miRNA in Regulating the Apoptosis of Follicular Granulosa Cells and Its Mechanism[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(12): 4429-4441.

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