湖南部分地区肝片吸虫群体的单倍型多样性特征与遗传分化模式研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.12.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究湖南地区肝片吸虫的单倍型多样性(Hd)、遗传分化及种群扩张情况，并阐明其种系发育关系。【方法】试验以采自湖南张家界、怀化、邵阳、娄底、永州及湘西6个地区的36株肝片吸虫为研究对象，通过PCR扩增其细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ亚基(cox1)、内转录间隔Ⅰ区(ITS-1)基因序列并测序。利用ClustalX、Dnasp 5.0和Network 4.6软件分析湖南6个地区肝片吸虫的单倍型多样性；运用Dnasp 5.0和Arlequin version 3.0软件探究肝片吸虫的遗传分化及种群扩张状况，并利用ClustalX、PhyML 3.0软件分析其种系发育关系。【结果】肝片吸虫cox1基因序列呈AT碱基偏好，存在36个碱基突变位点，含有22个单倍型(A1～A22，Hd＝0.9571)，其遗传分化系数(Fst)为0.013～0.278，基因流(Nm)为-1.895～18.981，Tajima’s D值为-0.996～0.564，Fu’s Fs值为-2.452～0.391。肝片吸虫ITS-1基因序列呈GC碱基偏好，存在17个碱基突变位点，含有8个单倍型(B1～B8，Hd＝0.7762)，其Fst为-0.174～0.564，Nm为-5.932～7.103，Tajima’s D值为-1.337～1.389，Fu’s Fs值为-1.072～2.139。此外，36株肝片吸虫在各种系发育树中均共同聚类成一个分支。【结论】本研究显示湖南部分地区的肝片吸虫之间存在一定水平的单倍型多样性，且出现了不同程度的遗传分化，均经历了多次种群扩张事件，但它们之间亲缘关系仍较近。

关键词: 肝片吸虫; 单倍型多样性; 遗传分化; 种群扩张; 种系发育关系

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to explore the haplotype diversity (Hd),genetic differentiation and population expansion of Fasciola hepatica (F.hepatica) collected from different regions in Hunan province,and to illuminate their phylogenetic relationships. 【Method】 Total 36 F.hepatica isolated from six regions including Zhangjiajie,Huaihua,Shaoyang,Loudi,Yongzhou,and Xiangxi in Hunan province were used as samples,and the cox1 and ITS-1 genes of F.hepatica were amplified by PCR,and then sequenced.The Hd of F.hepatica from six regions in Hunan was analyzed with the ClustalX,Dnasp 5.0,and Network 4.6 software.The genetic differentiation and population expansion of F.hepatica were explored with the software Dnasp 5.0 and Arlequin version 3.0,and the phylogenetic relationships was studied using ClustalX and PhyML 3.0. 【Result】 The cox1 gene sequence of F.hepatica showed a base AT preference,with 36 base mutation sites and 22 haplotypes (A1-A22，Hd＝0.9571),the genetic differentiation coefficients (Fst) of cox1 gene were 0.013 to 0.278,its gene flow (Nm) were -1.895 to 18.981, Tajima’s D values were -0.996 to 0.564,and the Fu’s Fs values were -2.452 to 0.391.The ITS-1 gene sequence of F.hepatica showed a base GC preference,with 17 base mutation sites and 8 haplotypes (B1-B8，Hd＝0.7762).The Fst of ITS-1 gene were -0.174 to 0.564,and the Nm were -5.932 to 7.103,Tajima’s D values were -1.337 to 1.389,and the Fu’s Fs values were -1.072 to 2.139.Moreover,36 F.hepatica collected from different regions in Hunan province together clustered into a branch of the phylogenetic tree. 【Conclusion】 This study revealed that there was a certain level of haplotype diversity of F.hepatica in some areas of Hunan province,and there had been varying degrees of genetic differentiation.All of them had experienced multiple population expansion events,but they still had close genetic relationships.

Key words: Fasciola hepatica; haplotype diversity; genetic differentiation; population expansion; phylogenetic relationship

中图分类号:

S852.73⁺5

李中波, 胡辉, 罗世民, 杨甜, 苏五珍, 黄翠琴. 湖南部分地区肝片吸虫群体的单倍型多样性特征与遗传分化模式研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(12): 5910-5922.

LI Zhongbo, HU Hui, LUO Shimin, YANG Tian, SU Wuzhen, HUANG Cuiqin. Study on the Haplotype Diversity Characteristics and Genetic Differentiation Patterns of Fasciola hepatica in Some Areas of Hunan[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(12): 5910-5922.

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