鸭坦布苏病毒检测方法及疫苗研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.04.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鸭坦布苏病毒(Duck Tembusu virus,DTMUV)是黄病毒科(Flaviviridae)黄病毒属(Flavivirus)的一种新发蚊媒病毒,其引起的疫病在临床上以蛋鸭产蛋量下降和雏鸭神经系统损伤为特征,给国内养鸭业造成了重大的经济损失。DTMUV感染自2010年在上海市暴发后,逐渐向中国东部、东南部和北部主要鸭养殖场扩散。目前国内已建立了多种用于DTMUV临床诊断或实验室检测方法。DTMUV的分离鉴定和免疫组化用于检测病毒颗粒的存在;DTMUV的血清学检测方法主要包括间接ELISA、竞争ELISA和胶体金免疫层析条等,可检测DTMUV的特异性蛋白或抗体,广泛应用于DTMUV的现场检测;以常规PCR、多重PCR及CRISPR技术为主的病毒核酸检测方法实现了DTMUV的快速临床诊断,促进了鸭坦布苏病毒病的流行病学调查和致病机制研究。随着部分疫苗的开发和商业化,中国DTMUV感染的流行强度也由暴发逐渐转变为零星散发。但DTMUV的宿主范围较广,传播途径多样且具有潜在的人畜共患性,为及早发现并控制DTMUV的传播,建立快速、准确的检测方法和安全有效的疫苗显得尤为重要。笔者对DTMUV的检测方法和疫苗研发的研究进展进行了综述,以期为DTMUV感染的防控提供参考。

关键词: 鸭坦布苏病毒(DTMUV); 检测方法; 疫苗

Abstract: Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is an emerging mosquito-borne virus of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae.The disease caused by it is characterized by the decline of egg production of laying ducks and the damage of the nervous system of ducklings in clinical practice,which has caused significant economic losses to the domestic duck industry.Since its outbreak in Shanghai in 2010,DTMUV infection has gradually spread to major duck farms in Eastern,Southeastern,and Northern China.Several clinical diagnostic or laboratory tests for DTMUV have been established in China.Isolation and identification of DTMUV and immunohistochemistry are used to detect the presence of viral particles.Serological detection of DTMUV mainly includes indirect ELISA,competitive ELISA,and colloidal gold immunochromatographic strips,which can detect DTMUV-specific proteins or antibodies and is widely used for the field detection of DTMUV.The detection of DTMUV by conventional PCR,multiplex PCR and CRISPR techniques has enabled rapid clinical diagnosis of DTMUV and facilitated the epidemiological investigation and study of the pathogenesis of duck tambours virus disease.Currently,with the development and commercialization of some vaccines,the epidemic intensity of DTMUV infection in China has gradually changed from outbreaks to sporadic transmission.However,DTMUV has a wide host range,diverse transmission routes,and potential zoonotic potential.To identify and interrupt the spread of DTMUV at an early stage,there is an urgent need to establish rapid,accurate,safe,and effective detection methods and vaccines.The author summarizes the research progress of DTMUV detection methods and vaccines to provide references for the prevention of DTMUV infection.

Key words: Duck Tambusu virus (DTMUV); detection method; vaccine

中图分类号:

S852.65

陈吉敏, 李辉煌, 赖连杰, 杨银华, 杨悦, 林瑞意. 鸭坦布苏病毒检测方法及疫苗研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(4): 1329-1339.

CHEN Jimin, LI Huihuang, LAI Lianjie, YANG Yinhua, YANG Yue, LIN Ruiyi. Advance on Detection Methods and Vaccines of Duck Tembusu Virus[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(4): 1329-1339.

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