天然多酚调节动物脂质代谢的作用机制研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.11.015

Abstract

Abstract: Adipose tissue is an important component of animals,and the lipid metabolism process has a significant impact on the meat quality of livestock and poultry as well as the health of animals and humans.In recent years,extensive in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that natural polyphenols,as natural active substances,exhibit excellent effects in regulating lipid metabolism and maintaining lipid metabolic homeostasis.This review systematically expounds the molecular mechanisms by which natural polyphenols regulate lipid metabolism in animals.The core lies in the coordinated regulation through multiple interaction pathways:Mediating the expression of miRNAs (such as miR-122,miR-33 and miR-103/107),affecting the transcription and translation of key lipid metabolism genes (such as FAS,CPT1α,PPARα and SREBP1).Regulating the AMPK signaling pathway (directly or indirectly through AdipoR,SIRT1/LKB1,etc.),reducing fat synthesis and promoting fatty acid oxidation in the liver,inducing white adipose tissue (WAT) browning and activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis in adipose tissue.Interfering with the cell cycle process (inducing apoptosis or cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase),inhibiting mitotic clonal expansion (MCE),thereby suppressing adipogenesis.Reshaping the composition of the intestinal microbiota (such as increasing the abundance of Bacteroides,Akkermansia,the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes,and reducing the abundance of Clostridium,etc.).Reducing inflammatory responses (inhibiting NF-κB and other pathways,reducing pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6).Enhancing antioxidant capacity (activating the Nrf2 pathway,increasing the activities of SOD,CAT,and GSH-Px,and reducing ROS and MDA level).Reducing energy intake (regulating leptin sensitivity,POMC/AgRP neuronal activity,and cholecystokinin CCK secretion).A deeper understanding of these mechanisms aims to provide a theoretical basis for the application of polyphenols in improving the production performance and health of livestock and poultry.

Key words: natural polyphenols; lipid metabolism; regulatory mechanism

CLC Number:

S816.7

LI Jiawei, LI Yuanfei, XIAO Yanqing, CHEN Qinghua. Research Advance of the Mechanism of Natural Polyphenols in Regulating Lipid Metabolism in Animals[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(11): 5180-5191.

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Research Advance of the Mechanism of Natural Polyphenols in Regulating Lipid Metabolism in Animals

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