脂肽对蜜蜂球囊菌的抑制作用研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.09.037

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the inhibitory effect and mechanism of lipopeptides on Ascosphaera apis,as well as its antibacterial and bactericidal activities in vitro. 【Method】 Ascosphaera apis was identified by morphological and molecular biological methods.The inhibition zone test method was used to verify whether lipopeptides could inhibit the growth of Ascosphaera apis.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of lipopeptides against Ascosphaera apis were determined by the multiple dilution method.The effect of lipopeptides on the spore germination of Ascosphaera apis was observed using a hemocytometer.The contents of ergosterol in the cell membrane and chitin in the cell wall of Ascosphaera apis were determined by high performance liquid chromatography to determine whether the lipopeptide Iturin had an inhibitory effect on Ascosphaera apis. 【Result】 Microscopic observation revealed that the isolated fungus exhibited septate,branched hyphae along with spherical sporangia and spores.18S rDNA sequencing results showed that the isolated strain had 100% sequence similarity with Ascosphaera apis (GenBank accession No.:GQ867785.1),confirming it was Ascosphaera apis.Among the tested lipopeptides,Iturin demonstrated the strongest inhibitory effect against Ascosphaera apis,with an inhibition zone radius of 8.53 mm,while Fengycin showed a smaller inhibition zone radius (5.84 mm),and Surfactin exhibited no inhibitory activity.The MIC of Iturin against Ascosphaera apis ranged from 6.25 to 25 μg/mL,with MIC₅₀,MIC₉₀ and MFC values of 6.25,25 and 50 μg/mL,respectively.Compared with 0 μg/mL Iturin group,the spore germination rates of Ascosphaera apis were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) in all Iturin-treated groups (6.25,12.5,25 and 50 μg/mL).Ergosterol content analysis revealed that compared with 0 μg/mL Iturin group,the ergosterol contents in the cell membrane of Ascosphaera apis were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) in 12.5,25 and 50 μg/mL Iturin-treated groups.Similarly,chitin content measurements showed that the chitin contents in the fungal cell wall were significantly decreased (P＜0.05) in 25 and 50 μg/mL Iturin-treated groups compared with 0 μg/mL Iturin group. 【Conclusion】 These results demonstrated that Iturin effectively inhibited Ascosphaera apis by reducing spore germination,disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis in the cell membrane,and impairing chitin synthesis in the cell wall.

Key words: lipopeptide; Ascosphaera apis; inhibitory effect; ergosterol; chitin

CLC Number:

S859.79

GAO Yang, CHANG Shuo, LI Zhiguo. Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Lipopeptide on Ascosphaera apis[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(9): 4416-4426.

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Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Lipopeptide on Ascosphaera apis

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