复合酶制剂对围产期奶牛养分消化率、乳成分、瘤胃发酵参数及菌群的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.08.010

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of compound enzyme preparation on nutrient apparent digestibility,milk composition,serum biochemical indicators,rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbial flora in periparturient dairy cows. 【Method】 A total of 18 periparturient Holstein dairy cows of the first-lactation and in good healthy were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups,with 9 cows in each group.The cows in control group were fed the basal diet.The test group added 0.2% compound enzyme preparations (amylase,cellulase,pectinase and protease) to the basal diet according to the feed intake.The adaptation period was 10 days and the experimental period was 42 days.During the experiment,feces of periparturient dairy cows were collected for the detection of nutrient apparent digestibility,milk samples were collected for the detection of milk composition,and blood was collected for the determination of serum biochemical indicators.In addition,rumen fluid was collected for the detection of rumen fermentation parameters and microbial flora. 【Result】 Compared with control group:①The apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM),crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in the feces of dairy cows in test group were significantly increased (P＜0.05).② The milk protein rate and lactose rate of dairy cows in test group increased by 14.69% and 13.09% respectively (P＜0.05),the milk fat rate and the content of non-fat solids increased,and the milk yield decreased (P＞0.05).③ Ten days before prenatal,the contents of albumin (ALB) and triglyceride (TG) in serum of dairy cows in test group increased significantly (P＜0.05).④ The contents of acetate,propionate,butyrate and total short-chain fatty acids in rumen fluid of dairy cows in test group were significantly increased (P＜0.05), pH was significantly decreased (P＜0.05),and the ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) content showed a decreasing trend (P＞0.05).⑤ At the phylum level,the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota in rumen of dairy cows in test group were significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the relative abundance of Bacteroidota was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).At the genus level,the relative abundance of Pseudobutyrivibrio,norank_f_Ruminococcaceae,Olsenella,Lachnospira,Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group,Blautia and Atopobium were significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the relative abundances of Treponema was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 The addition of 0.2% compound enzyme preparation (amylase,cellulase,pectinase and protease) to periparturient dairy cow rations could significantly increase the dietary digestion and utilization rate,significantly improve the dairy quality,and at the same time significantly increase the content of short-chain fatty acids and regulate the structure of beneficial microbial flora in rumen.

Key words: compound enzyme preparation; periparturient dairy cows; rumen fermentation parameters; rumen microorganisms

CLC Number:

S823.9^＋1

PANG Xiaotong, KUANG Yu, GENG Mingyang, NAN Shanshan, MA Xiaoxue, WEI Xin, XIE Song, NIE Cunxi. Effect of Compound Enzyme Preparation on Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Composition, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Bacterial Flora of Periparturient Dairy Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(8): 3607-3619.

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Effect of Compound Enzyme Preparation on Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Composition, Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Bacterial Flora of Periparturient Dairy Cows

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