饲喂复合型营养添加剂对围产期奶牛瘤胃微生物区系及其代谢的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.10.007

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was aimed to investigate the effects of immunomodulatory and nutritional combined additive (INC) on the rumen microbiota and its metabolism of transition dairy cows，so as to improve the rumen health of dairy cows during the periparturient period and increase the milk yield. It also provided technical support for the use and promotion of new type additives. 【Method】 Fourteen transition dairy cows were randomly divided into two groups，with 7 heads in each group according to the milk yield and body condition of the last parity. The experiment lasted for 42 days. Dairy cows in control (CON) group were fed a basal diet，and dairy cows in treatment (TR) group were fed a basal diet supplemented with 60 g/d of INC. Milk samples were collected at 7，14 and 21 d postpartum for determination of milk composition，and milk yield was recorded daily. Rumen fluid was collected from all dairy cows using a rumen catheter after morning feeding at 21 d postpartum for 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolome analysis. 【Result】 ①No significant differences were found in the percentage of milk protein，milk lactose and milk fat between the two groups (P＞0.05)，the milk yield of dairy cows in TR group in the 1st week after delivery was extremely significantly higher than CON group (P＜0.01). ②At the phylum level，Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant bacteria in the rumen of dairy cows in both groups. At the genus level，Prevotella and Vibrio succinicum were the dominant bacteria genera. ③A total of 19 different bacteria were detected in the two groups (LDA≥2，P＜0.05)，of which 4 genera，including Rikenellaceae-RC9-gut-group，were significantly enriched in CON group (P＜0.05)，and 15 genera，including Ruminococcaceae，were significantly enriched in TR group (P＜0.05). ④The metabolomics results showed that the relative concentrations of L-formylkynurenine，1H-indole-3-acetic acid and 3-methylindole in TR group were significantly increased. ⑤Lachnospiraceae_UCG_010 in TR group was significantly positively correlated with metabolites (P＜0.05), such as L-formylkynurenine，1H-indole-3-acetic acid and 3-methylindole. Lachnospiraceae_UCG_010 was positively correlated with the tryptophan metabolic pathway and linolenic acid metabolic pathway (P＜0.05)，and was significantly positively correlated with milk production in the 1st week after delivery (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Addition of INC to the diet could increase the abundance of relevant nutrient-degrading bacteria in the rumen of transition dairy cows，improve cow health and rumen fermentation by regulating the flora structure of rumen microorganisms and their metabolism，and ultimately increase milk production of dairy cows.

Key words: immunomodulatory and nutritional combined additive (INC); transition dairy cows; rumen; microbiota; metabonomics

CLC Number:

S816.71

WANG Fei, CHEN Tianyu, HAO Kebi, XU Yiming, ZHANG Hongxing, Yiliyaer, HOU Guobin, CUI Wenwen, ZHUANG Yimin, LIU Shuai, SHEN Yueyu, QI Yan, SHAO Wei, GUO Gang, CAO Zhijun. Effects of Feeding Immunomodulatory and Nutritional Combined Additive on Rumen Microflora and Metabolism of Transition Dairy Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(10): 4255-4269.

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Effects of Feeding Immunomodulatory and Nutritional Combined Additive on Rumen Microflora and Metabolism of Transition Dairy Cows

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