Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded, non-enveloped RNA virus, which can be divided into 8 genotypes.As a zoonotic pathogen, HEV can cause acute viral hepatitis in humans and infection in animals.Its main transmission route is fecal-oral transmission, which can also be transmitted through blood transfusion and mother-to-child transmission.HEV is mainly prevalent in developing countries, while sporadic cases are also found in developed countries such as Europe and the United States.At present, the common methods for detecting HEV are fluorescent quantitative Real-time RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Some scholars also use new detection methods such as reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) and CRISPR system to detect HEV.In terms of drug treatment, compounds such as ribavirin, interferon or polyene phosphatidylcholine (PPC) can be used to treat infections caused by HEV, and single or compound Chinese medicines can be used to improve clinical symptoms and be used as synergistic treatment.Vaccination is considered to be an effective means to prevent and control HEV infection, but there is still no effective HEV in vitro cell culture system, and traditional inactivated and attenuated vaccines cannot be produced in batches.The current research on HEV vaccines mainly includes the development of recombinant protein vaccines, DNA vaccines, combined vaccines and oral vaccines.Vaccination is an important measure to prevent hepatitis E, and comprehensive preventive measures based on cutting off the transmission route can also control the prevalence of the disease.This paper mainly summarized the research progress of HEV detection methods, drug treatment and vaccine immunity, and looked forward to the prevention and control of HEV, in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and control of HEV.

Key words: Hepatitis E virus (HEV); detection method; treatment; vaccine