中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 761-775.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2026.02.023

• 营养与饲料 • 上一篇    下一篇

饲粮中添加膳食纤维对黄羽肉鸡屠宰性能、胫骨性能指标、粪便微生物和耐药基因的影响

毕毅(), 杨秋月, 谢瞰, 杨亚晋, 陈彦宏, 李青青, 郭爱伟()   

  1. 西南林业大学生物与食品工程学院,昆明 650224
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-11 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-01-27
  • 通讯作者: 郭爱伟 E-mail:1253395174@qq.com;g.aiwei.swfu@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:毕毅,E-mail:1253395174@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省农业联合专项-重点项目(202401BD070001-024);国家自然科学基金(31860650)

Effects of Dietary Fiber on Slaughter Performance, Tibia Performance Indicators, Fecal Microbiota, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Yellow-feathered Broilers

BI Yi(), YANG Qiuyue, XIE Kan, YANG Yajin, CHEN Yanhong, LI Qingqing, GUO Aiwei()   

  1. College of Biological Science and Food Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China
  • Received:2025-07-11 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-01-27
  • Contact: GUO Aiwei E-mail:1253395174@qq.com;g.aiwei.swfu@hotmail.com

摘要:

目的 研究不同饲喂方式下添加膳食纤维(DF)对黄羽肉鸡屠宰性能、胫骨发育、粪便微生物及耐药基因的影响。 方法 选取1日龄健康、体重接近(35 g±5 g)的雄性黄羽肉鸡250只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每重复10只鸡。对照组(CON)饲喂不添加DF的基础饲粮(FF);试验1组(T1)饲喂低纤维饲粮(LF,含1.5% DF);试验2组(T2)饲喂高纤维饲粮(HF,含3% DF);试验3组(T3)在0~4周龄饲喂FF,5~8周龄饲喂LF;试验4组(T4)在0~4周龄饲喂LF,5~8周龄饲喂HF。试验期为56 d。试验结束时翅静脉采血测定血钙、血磷;屠宰后测定屠宰性能、胫骨性能指标及胫骨灰分、钙、磷含量;采集CON与T2组新鲜粪便进行宏基因组学分析。 结果 ①屠宰性能:各试验组黄羽肉鸡的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率及腿肌率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。②胫骨指标:各组黄羽肉鸡胫骨长、胫骨重、髓腔直径、体积、密度等均无显著变化(P>0.05);与T1组相比,T2和T3组黄羽肉鸡胫骨直径显著提高(P<0.05);与T3和T4组相比,T2组黄羽肉鸡的皮质骨厚度显著增加(P<0.05);与CON组相比,各试验组黄羽肉鸡的胫骨灰分、骨钙和磷含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。③血清钙、磷含量显示,与CON组相比,T1、T3和T4组黄羽肉鸡的血钙含量显著增加(P<0.05),T1、T2、T3和T4组的黄羽肉鸡的血磷含量显著降低(P<0.05);④宏基因组测序表明,与CON组相比,T2组黄羽肉鸡粪便微生物中副拟杆菌属、拟杆菌属、梭菌属、粪杆菌属、链球菌属、肠球菌属、棒状杆菌属及罗氏菌属等微生物的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),同时T2组粪便中耐药基因poxtAvatE相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。 结论 本试验条件下,全程在饲粮中添加3%的DF可改善黄羽肉鸡胫骨性能与粪便微生物组成,并降低粪便中特定耐药基因的丰度。

关键词: 黄羽肉鸡; 膳食纤维; 屠宰性能; 胫骨质量; 粪便微生物; 耐药基因

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary fiber (DF) feeding regimens on slaughter performance, tibia development, gut microbiota, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in Yellow-feathered broilers. Method A total of 250 one-day-old healthy male Yellow-feathered broilers with similar initial body weight (35 g±5 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 5 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate. The control group (CON) was fed a fiber-free basal diet (FF). Group 1 (T1) received a low-fiber diet (LF, containing 1.5% DF). Group 2 (T2) was fed a high-fiber diet (HF, containing 3% DF). Group 3 (T3) was fed FF during weeks 0-4 and LF during weeks 5-8. Group 4 (T4) received LF during weeks 0-4 and HF during weeks 5-8. The experiment lasted for 56 days. At the end of the trial, blood was collected from the wing vein to determine serum calcium and phosphorus levels. Slaughter performance and tibia traits were measured, along with tibia ash, calcium, and phosphorus content. Fresh fecal samples were collected from the CON and T2 groups for metagenomic analysis. Result ①Slaughter performance: No significant differences were observed among groups in dressing percentage, semi-eviscerated yield, eviscerated yield, breast muscle yield, or leg muscle yield (P>0.05). ②Tibia traits: There were no significant differences in tibia length, tibia weight, medullary cavity diameter, volume, or density among the groups (P>0.05). However, compared with group T1, tibia diameter was significantly greater in groups T2 and T3 (P<0.05), and cortical bone thickness in group T2 was significantly higher than in groups T3 and T4 (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in tibia ash, calcium, or phosphorus content between the experimental groups and CON group (P>0.05). ③Serum parameters: Serum calcium in groups T1, T3 and T4 was significantly higher than in CON group (P<0.05), while serum phosphorus was significantly lower in all trial groups (P<0.05).④Metagenomic findings: The relative abundances of fecal microbiota including ParabacteroidesBacteroidesClostridiumFaecalibacteriumStreptococcusEnterococcusCorynebacterium and Rothia in group T2 were significantly higher than in CON group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the relative abundances of ARGs poxtA and vatE were significantly lower in group T2 (P<0.05). Conclusion Under the conditions of this study, the inclusion of 3% DF throughout the feeding period could improve tibia traits and gut microbiota composition, and reduce the abundance of specific antibiotic resistance genes in the feces of Yellow-feathered broilers.

Key words: Yellow-feathered broiler; dietary fiber; slaughter performance; tibia quality; fecal microbiota; antibiotic resistance genes

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