贵州地方猪TAS1R1基因多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.12.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在分析味觉受体TAS1R1基因的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与贵州地方猪生长性状的关联性，为猪遗传育种提供有效的遗传标记和理论依据。【方法】采集262头贵州地方猪(从江香猪、江口萝卜猪、白洗猪、关岭猪、黔东花猪)耳组织样进行DNA提取，利用Primer Premier 6.0软件设计9对TAS1R1基因特异性引物，经PCR扩增后测序。使用DNAStar软件中SeqMan程序确定SNP位点，利用SHEsis在线软件分析SNP位点的群体遗传特性，采用SPSS 25.0软件中一般线性模型(GLM)对TAS1R1基因SNP位点与贵州地方猪生长性状进行关联分析，并结合RNAfold web server在线软件对TAS1R1基因SNP位点突变前后的mRNA二级结构进行预测。【结果】本研究筛选出2个SNP位点：g.67401632 G＞C(外显子3)和g.67404545 C＞T(外显子5)，均为错义突变，分别引起缬氨酸转变为亮氨酸及苏氨酸转变为甲硫氨酸。基因型分析结果显示，g.67401632 G＞C和g.67404545 C＞T位点的优势基因型均为CC。遗传多样性分析显示，g.67401632 G＞C位点在从江香猪、关岭猪和黔东花猪中表现为中度多态(0.25＜PIC＜0.50)，而在江口萝卜猪和白洗猪中表现为低度多态(PIC＜0.25)；g.67404545 C＞T位点在白洗猪中呈现低度多态。χ²检验结果显示，关岭猪g.67401632 G＞C位点符合哈代-温伯格平衡状态(P＜0.01)，而其他猪种g.67401632 G＞C和g.67404545 C＞T位点均偏离哈代-温伯格平衡状态(P＞0.05)。关联分析结果显示，8月龄从江香猪g.67401632 G＞C位点CC基因型个体的体长显著大于CG基因型(P＜0.05)，江口萝卜猪g.67401632 G＞C位点CG基因型个体的体长显著高于CC基因型(P＜0.05)；在1～5月龄从江香猪和黔东花猪中未发现SNP位点与体尺指标存在显著关联(P＞0.05)。二级结构预测结果显示，g.67401632 G＞C和g.67404545 C＞T位点增强了TAS1R1基因mRNA的二级结构稳定性。【结论】本研究共发现了2个错义突变，分别为g.67401632 G＞C(外显子3)、g.67404545 C＞T(外显子5)，其中g.67401632 G＞C位点与贵州地方猪生长性状存在一定的关联性，表明TAS1R1可作为猪遗传育种中生长性状的候选基因。

关键词: 贵州地方猪种; TAS1R1基因; 单核苷酸多态性; 生长性状

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to analyze the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of taste receptor TAS1R1 gene and growth traits in Guizhou indigenous pigs,providing effective molecular markers and theoretical foundations for pig genetic breeding. 【Method】 Ear tissue samples from 262 Guizhou indigenous pigs (Congjiang Xiang pigs,Jiangkou Luobo pigs,Baixi pigs,Guanling pigs,and Qiandong Hua pigs) were collected for DNA extraction.Nine pairs of TAS1R1 gene specific primers were designed using Primer Premier 6.0 software,PCR amplification products were sequenced,and SNP was identified via SeqMan program in DNAStar.Population genetic characteristics of SNP were analyzed using SHEsis online software.The association between SNP and growth traits in Guizhou indigenous pigs were evaluated via the general linear model (GLM) in SPSS 25.0 software.RNAfold web server was used to predict mRNA secondary structural changes induced by SNP. 【Result】 Two SNPs were identified:g.67401632 G＞C (exon 3) and g.67404545 C＞T (exon 5),both of which were missense mutations,causing valine to leucine and threonine to methionine,respectively.Genotype analysis results showed that CC was the dominant genotype for g.67401632 G＞C and g.67404545 C＞T.Genetic diversity analysis results showed moderate polymorphism at g.67401632 G＞C in Congjiang Xiang pigs,Guanling pigs,and Qiandong Hua pigs (0.25＜PIC＜0.50),but low polymorphism in Jiangkou Luobo pigs and Baixi pigs (PIC＜0.25),and low polymorphism in Baixi pigs at g.67404545 C＞T.Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed for g.67401632 G＞C in Guanling pigs (P＜0.01),while other pig breeds at g.67401632 G＞C and g.67404545 C＞T deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P＞0.05).Association analysis results indicated that CC genotype at g.67401632 G＞C in 8-month-old Congjiang Xiang pigs exhibited significantly greater body length than that of CG genotype (P＜0.05).Conversely,CG genotype in Jiangkou Luobo pigs showed longer body length than that of CC genotype (P＜0.05).No significant associations were found between SNP and growth traits in 1-5-month-old Congjiang Xiang pigs and Qiandong Hua pigs (P＞0.05).The secondary structure prediction results showed that g.67401632 G＞C and g.67404545 C＞T enhanced mRNA secondary structure stability of TAS1R1 gene. 【Conclusion】 Two missense mutations g.67401632 G＞C (exon 3) and g.67404545 C＞T (exon 5) were identified in TAS1R1 gene.g.67401632 G＞C had potential associations with growth traits in Guizhou indigenous pigs,indicating that TAS1R1 could be considered as a candidate gene for growth traits in pig genetic breeding.

Key words: Guizhou indigenous pigs; TAS1R1 gene; single nucleotide polymorphism; growth traits

中图分类号:

S813.3

贾雨轩, 韩飞, 曾广湖, 沈祥玉, 龚婷. 贵州地方猪TAS1R1基因多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(12): 5809-5820.

JIA Yuxuan, HAN Fei, ZENG Guanghu, SHEN Xiangyu, GONG Ting. Polymorphism of TAS1R1 Gene and Its Association with Growth Traits in Guizhou Indigenous Pigs[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(12): 5809-5820.

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