硒代蛋氨酸对呕吐毒素诱导的兔回肠损伤的保护作用

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.12.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探讨在兔饲粮中添加硒代蛋氨酸(selenomethionine，SeMet)对呕吐毒素(deoxynivalenol,DON)致回肠氧化损伤和炎性损伤的影响，为DON中毒病的治疗提供一种新思路。【方法】将40只35日龄伊拉肉兔随机分为4组，分别为空白对照(CON)、模型(DON)、SeMet和DON＋SeMet组，每组10只。试验第1天开始，SeMet和DON＋SeMet组兔每天饲喂0.2 mg/kg SeMet，持续21 d。第15天，DON和DON＋SeMet组兔每天灌胃给予0.5 mg/kg BW DON，持续7 d。于试验第21天攻毒24 h后收集各组兔回肠组织，通过HE、PAS染色和扫描电镜观察回肠绒毛、隐窝形态、杯状细胞数量和超微结构变化；通过ELISA检测回肠组织氧化应激相关指标和炎性因子含量，利用实时荧光定量PCR检测回肠组织炎性相关基因表达量。【结果】与CON组相比，DON组兔回肠组织中少数肠绒毛发生断裂，绒毛高度和绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值显著降低(P＜0.05)，隐窝深度显著增加(P＜0.05)，杯状细胞数量显著减少(P＜0.05)；扫描电镜观察结果显示，DON组回肠绒毛表面萎缩，呈颗粒状，微绒毛脱落、断裂。与CON组相比，DON组兔回肠组织中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量显著升高(P＜0.05)，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著降低(P＜0.05)，其他炎性因子(IL-10、IL-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α))和氧化应激相关指标(丙二醛(MDA)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC))均无显著差异(P＞0.05)。与DON组相比，饲粮添加SeMet可明显改善DON诱导的兔回肠病理损伤，回肠组织中IL-6含量显著降低(P＜0.05)。【结论】DON可诱导兔炎症反应，损伤回肠绒毛结构，而SeMet可缓解DON诱导的兔回肠绒毛断裂现象和炎症损伤。试验结果为SeMet干预DON诱导的肠道损伤提供形态学资料和理论依据，为DON中毒病的预防和治疗提供新的思路和方法。

关键词: 硒代蛋氨酸(SeMet); 呕吐毒素(DON); 兔; 回肠损伤

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the effect of adding selenomethionine (SeMet) to the rabbit diet on the oxidative damage and inflammatory damage of the ileum caused by deoxynivalenol (DON),providing a new idea for the treatment of DON poisoning diseases. 【Method】 Forty 35-day-old IRA rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups：The blank control (CON),model (DON),SeMet and DON＋SeMet groups,with 10 rabbits in each group.From the first day of the experiment,rabbits in SeMet and DON＋SeMet groups were fed 0.2 mg/kg SeMet every day for 21 days.On the 15th day,rabbits in DON and DON＋SeMet groups were given 0.5 mg/kg BW of DON by gavage every day for 7 days.On the 21 st day of the experiment,after 24 h of challenge,the ileal tissues of each group were collected.Through HE and PAS staining,as well as scanning electron microscopy,the morphology of the intestinal villi,crypts,the number of goblet cells,and the ultrastructure changes were observed.The levels of oxidative stress-related indicators and inflammatory factors in ileum were detected by ELISA.The expression levels of inflammatory-related genes in ileum were detected by Real-time quantitative PCR. 【Result】 Compared with CON group,a small number of intestinal villi in ileum of DON group were broken,and the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),the crypt depth was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the number of goblet cells was significantly reduced (P＜0.05).The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that in DON group,the surface of the ileal villi was atrophied,presenting a granular appearance,and the microvilli were detached and broken.Compared with CON group,the content of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in ileum of DON group was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The other inflammatory factors (IL-10,IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) and oxidative stress-related indicators (malondialdehyde (MDA),total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)) showed no significant differences (P＞0.05).Compared with DON group,the addition of SeMet to the diet could significantly improve the intestinal pathological damage induced by DON,and the content IL-6 was significantly reduced (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 DON could induce inflammatory responses in rabbits and damage the villi structure of the ileum.Meanwhile,SeMet could alleviate the villi rupture and inflammatory damage caused by DON in rabbits.The experimental results provided morphological data and theoretical basis for the intervention of SeMet in the intestinal damage induced by DON,and offered new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of DON poisoning diseases.

Key words: selenomethionine (SeMet); deoxynivalenol (DON); rabbit; ileal injury

中图分类号:

S816.72

位兰, 张梦雨, 崔敏, 张自强, 朱雪敏, 刘玉梅, 吕琼霞, 陈晓光. 硒代蛋氨酸对呕吐毒素诱导的兔回肠损伤的保护作用[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(12): 5591-5599.

WEI Lan, ZHANG Mengyu, CUI Min, ZHANG Ziqiang, ZHU Xuemin, LIU Yumei, LYU Qiongxia, CHEN Xiaoguang. Protective Effect of Selenomethionine on Ileal Injury Caused by Deoxynivalenol in Rabbits[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(12): 5591-5599.

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