不同品种雏鹅肝脏组织、肠道形态及肠道菌群的比较研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.09.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】比较不同品种雏鹅肝脏组织、肠道形态及肠道菌群，为溆浦鹅的种质特性研究及杂交利用提供科学依据。【方法】选取出雏后未开食的溆浦鹅、朗德鹅及杂交鹅(溆浦鹅♂×朗德鹅♀)健雏各60只，公母各半，每个品种6个重复，每个重复10只，屠宰后测定基础指标，取肝脏、肠道样品观察组织形态，并检测肠道菌群。【结果】朗德鹅和杂交鹅肠道长度显著高于溆浦鹅(P＜0.05)。溆浦鹅肝脏切片脂肪滴和空泡数量低于朗德鹅和杂交鹅，十二指肠及回肠隐窝深度显著高于朗德鹅和杂交鹅(P＜0.05)，十二指肠及回肠绒隐比显著低于朗德鹅和杂交鹅(P＜0.05)。杂交鹅的ACE指数和Chao指数显著高于溆浦鹅和朗德鹅(P＜0.05)，盲肠肠道菌群在门和属水平上较其余2个品种丰富。【结论】品种因素对雏鹅肝脏组织、肠道形态及肠道菌群有显著影响，其中杂交鹅雏鹅表现出显著的杂交优势。研究结果为溆浦鹅种质特性、肠道菌群调控及鹅肥肝生产提供了参考依据。

关键词: 溆浦鹅; 雏鹅; 肝脏; 肠道形态; 肠道菌群

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to provide a scientific basis for the germplasm characteristics of Xupu geese and their hybrid utilization by comparing the liver tissue,intestinal morphology and intestinal flora in different breeds of goslings. 【Method】 A total of 60 healthy goslings each of Xupu geese,Landes geese and hybrid geese (Xupu geese ♂ × Landes geese ♀) without feeding after hatching were selected,half male and half female,with 6 replicates in each breed and 10 per replicate.After slaughter,the basic indicators were measured,liver and intestinal samples were taken to determine the tissue morphology,and intestinal floras were determined. 【Result】 The intestinal lengths of Landes geese and hybrid geese were significantly higher than those of Xupu geese (P＜0.05).The numbers of fat droplets and vacuoles in liver sections of Xupu geese were lower than those of Landes geese and hybrid geese,the crypt depths of duodenum and ileum were significantly higher than those in Landes geese and hybrid geese (P＜0.05),and the villus height/crypt depth ratios of duodenum and ileum were significantly lower than those in Landes geese and hybrid geese (P＜0.05).The ACE index and Chao index of hybrid geese were significantly higher than those of Xupu geese and Landes geese (P＜0.05),and the cecal intestinal flora was richer than that of the other two breeds at the phylum and genus levels. 【Conclusion】 The breed factor had significant effects on liver tissue,intestinal morphology and intestinal flora of goslings,among which the hybrid goslings showed significant hybridization advantages.The results provided a reference basis for germplasm characteristics,intestinal flora regulation and subsequent production of goose fatty liver in Xupu geese.

Key words: Xupu geese; goslings; liver; intestinal morphology; intestinal flora

中图分类号:

S835

单晶, 刘武雄, 何凌云, 杜含香, 曲湘勇, 郭松长, 舒志祥, 李治文, 贺长青. 不同品种雏鹅肝脏组织、肠道形态及肠道菌群的比较研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(9): 4094-4104.

SHAN Jing, LIU Wuxiong, HE Lingyun, DU Hanxiang, QU Xiangyong, GUO Songchang, SHU Zhixiang, LI Zhiwen, HE Changqing. Comparative Study on Liver Tissue,Intestinal Morphology and Intestinal Flora in Different Breeds of Goslings[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(9): 4094-4104.

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