Abstract: Nipah virus (Nipah virus) is a paramyxovius branch (Paramyxoviridae) nonsegmental singlestrand negative RNA virus, isolated and named for the first time in 1999 from the Malaysian town of Nipah encephalitis in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients. It is mainly against the central nervous system and respiratory system, causing acute fever, headache and different levels of consciousness. The physical and chemical properties and molecular biological characteristics; pathogenicity, pathogenesis and laboratory diagnostic methods of Nipah virus were reviewed in this article.

Key words: Nipah virus disease; biological characteristics; molecular biological characteristics; pathogenic mechanism; diagnosis