China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (10): 4830-4843.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.10.028

• Preventive Veterinary Medicine • Previous Articles    

Establishment of Assessment Model of General Disease Resistance with Principal Component Analysis in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

LIU Hong1,2, LIU Zhigang1,2, TANG Chenglin1,2, ZHU Weijuan1,2, LIANG Dejin3, HUANG Wei3, CAO Ming3, WANG Zhang2, CAO Jianmeng2, YI Mengmeng2, WANG Miao2, KE Xiaoli1,2   

  1. 1. College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China;
    3. National Tilapia Breeding Farm in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 511400, China
  • Received:2024-12-31 Published:2025-09-30

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Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to investigate the differences in disease resistance among different populations of Nile tilapia and establish a general disease resistance evaluation model,so as to lay a foundation for screening new resistant phenotypes of tilapia with overall tolerance to common pathogens and adverse environments.【Method】 Five mixed families of Nile tilapia (populations A-E) that produced seedlings at the same time during the breeding process of anti streptococcal disease were used as the research objects.A total of 150 fish from each group were tested and compared for the changes of serum immune indicators,including superoxide dismutase (SOD),acid phosphatase (ACP),alkaline phosphatase (AKP),complement 3 (C3),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),immunoglobulin M (IgM),as well as gill immunoglobulin T (IgT).At the same time,the general disease resistance of each population was modeled and evaluated by principal component analysis and cluster analysis based on the immune index data.【Result】 The results showed that the coefficients of variation for the immune indicators across different tilapia populations ranged from 10.18% to 78.17%. Significant or extremely significant positive correlations were observed in the following pairwise comparisons: ACP with AKP, C3, IFN-γ and IgT, AKP with C3, IFN-γ and IgT, C3 with TNF-α, IFN-γ and IgT, TNF-α with IFN-γ and IgT, IFN-γ with IgT, and IgM with SOD (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). According to the ranking of variance contribution rate,the top five principal components were selected for analysis,and the results showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 85.422%.Based on these findings,a comprehensive disease-resistance assessment model for Nile tilapia was constructed:fi=0.006Zx1+0.056Zx2+0.054Zx3+0.221Zx4+0.282Zx5+0.232Zx6+0.259Zx7+0.082Zx8.According to the model,the general disease-resistance scores of the five populations were ranked as follows:E(0.694)＞D(0.537)＞C(－0.052)＞A(－0.475)＞B(－0.704).Cluster analysis indicated that populations D and E clustered together,while populations A,B and C formed another group. The challenge with Streptococcus agalactiae and spleen histopathological sections both revealed that the disease resistance of each population was basically consistent with the results of the model assessment.In other words, the higher the population score from model evaluation, the stronger the disease resistance.【Conclusion】 There were population differences in the general disease resistance of Nile tilapia,and it was feasible to construct a disease-resistance assessment model based on these differences.These results provided references for the development and utilization of tilapia germplasm resources and the genetic breeding of disease-resistant tilapia.

Key words: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus); general disease resistance; variation among populations; principal component analysis (PCA); comprehensive evaluation

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