家畜卵巢生理解析与结构功能探究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.10.005

Abstract

Abstract: The ovary serves as a core component of the female reproductive system in livestock,with its structure,function,and role in the reproductive process being of paramount importance.This paper systematically reviews the basic structural and functional characteristics of ovaries in various livestock,including horses,donkeys,cattle/cows,sheep/goats,and pigs,specifically covering aspects such as the location distribution,morphological features,cortex-medulla structure,and unique ovulation fossa characteristics of ovaries.This paper delves into the mechanisms by which the ovarian characteristics influence the estrous cycle,ovulation characteristics,and reproductive performance of livestock.Furthermore,this paper comprehensively introduces the latest application progress of novel technologies in the research field of livestock ovaries,such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing,parthenogenesis activation,high-throughput sequencing,and bioinformatics.Additionally,this paper outlines the future research directions in the field of livestock ovaries,with a focus on optimizing reproductive performance through gene editing technology and enhancing reproductive efficiency with the aid of big data and artificial intelligence technologies.This paper aims to provide a solid scientific basis for a deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms of livestock reproduction,the optimization of reproduction strategies,and the improvement of reproductive efficiency,while also offering strong support for the continuous improvement and innovation of livestock reproduction technologies.

Key words: livestock; ovary; reproduction; morphology; estrous cycle; ovulation

CLC Number:

S821.3

HE Qianiqan, LIU Qi, LIU Yuanyi, WANG Na, WEN Xin, HAN Baoxiang, Gerelchimeg. Research on Physiological Analysis and Structural Function Exploration of Livestock Ovarian[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(10): 4575-4591.

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Research on Physiological Analysis and Structural Function Exploration of Livestock Ovarian

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