弗莱维赫牛F1代和蒙贝利亚牛F1代泌乳性能及其影响因素分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.07.023

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to systematically compare the lactation performance differences between Fleckvieh F1 and Montbéliarde F1 cows under the feeding conditions in Northern China. 【Method】 Dairy herd improvement (DHI) records from 2021 to 2024 were collected and obtained from a large-scale dairy farm in Yantai,Shandong province.The analysis focused on F1 cows from Chilean Simmental dams crossed with Fleckvieh and Montbéliarde sires.A mixed linear model was constructed using the SAS 9.4 software (Mixed procedure) to analyze the effects of breed,parity,measurement season,lactation stage and their interactions on lactation traits in Fleckvieh F1 and Montbéliarde F1 cows. 【Result】 Parity,season and lactation stage were found to significantly affect milk yield,milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage,and somatic cell score (SCS) in Fleckvieh F1 and Montbéliarde F1 cows (P＜0.05).With the increase of parity,the milk yield,milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage were significantly increased across the first three parities in Fleckvieh F1 and Montbéliarde F1 cows (P＜0.05).The milk yield and SCS were the highest in summer,while milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage were the highest in winter.With the increase of lactation days,the milk fat percentage,milk protein percentage and SCS initially declined and then increased in Fleckvieh F1 and Montbéliarde F1 cows.In the first lactation,Montbéliarde F1 cows exhibited significantly higher milk protein percentage than Fleckvieh F1 cows (P<0.05),with the difference becoming even more pronounced in the second lactation (P<0.01).Seasonal comparisons revealed that Montbéliarde F1 cows had significantly higher milk protein percentages only during winter (P<0.01).Regarding lactation stages,although Montbéliarde F1 cows demonstrated markedly higher milk protein percentage in early lactation (P<0.01),their values were significantly lower than those of Fleckvieh F1 cows in late lactation (P<0.05).Notably,the Montbéliarde F1 cows exhibited consistently lower SCS than the Fleckvieh F1 cows across all parities,seasons,and lactation stages.The results suggested that Montbéliarde F1 cows exhibited superior lactation performance and enhanced resistance to mastitis compared with Fleckvieh F1 cows. 【Conclusion】 Under the feeding conditions in Northern China,parity,season and lactation stage had varying effects on the lactation performance in Fleckvieh F1 and Montbéliarde F1 cows.The results provided valuable insights for breed improvement and production management decisions on dairy farms.

Key words: Fleckvieh cows; Montbéliarde cows; lactation performance; influencing factors

CLC Number:

S823

DONG Chunxiao, LIU Siyuan, MA Peipei, DAI Dongwen, KONG Fanlin, SUN Zhigang, WANG Wei, YU Ying, LI Shengli. Analysis of Lactation Performance and Influencing Factors in Fleckvieh F1 and Montbéliarde F1 Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(7): 3225-3233.

References

[1] BERRY D P.Symposium review:Breeding a better cow—Will she be adaptable?[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2018,101(4):3665-3685.
[2] 赵孝凤,郭刚,曹杰,等.中国荷斯坦牛健康性状遗传参数估计[J].中国畜牧兽医,2024,51(6):2501-2507.ZHAO X F,GUO G,CAO J,et al.Estimation of genetic parameters for health traits in Chinese Holstein[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2024,51(6):2501-2507.(in Chinese)
[3] TOLEDO-ALVARADO H,CECCHINATO A,BITTANTE G.Fertility traits of Holstein,Brown Swiss,Simmental,and Alpine Grey cows are differently affected by herd productivity and milk yield of individual cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(10):8220-8231.
[4] 傅春泉,姜俊芳,何英俊.德系西门塔尔牛与荷斯坦牛杂交利用的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(23):15-18.FU C Q,JIANG J F,HE Y J.A study on the crossbreeding and utilization of Germany Simmental and Holstein cattle[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2014,50(23):15-18.(in Chinese)
[5] CZISZTER L T,ILIE D E,NEAMT R I,et al.Comparative study on production,reproduction and functional traits between Fleckvieh and Braunvieh cattle[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2016,30(5):666-671.
[6] SANCHEZ M P,JABRI M E,MINÉRY S,et al.Genetic parameters for cheese-making properties and milk composition predicted from mid-infrared spectra in a large data set of Montbéliarde cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2018,101(11):10048-10061.
[7] SANCHEZ M P,TRIBOUT T,FRITZ S,et al.Opportunities for genomic selection of cheese-making traits in Montbéliarde cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2022,105(6):5206-5220.
[8] 张勇,欧四海,赵宗胜,等.新疆地区弗莱维赫牛与荷斯坦牛杂交F1代生长发育规律分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2024,60(10):192-198.ZHANG Y,OU S H,ZHAO Z S,et al.Analysis of the growth and development patterns of F1 hybrids between Fleckvieh and Holstein cattle in the Xinjiang region[J].Chinses Journal of Animal Science,2024,60(10):192-198.(in Chinese)
[9] 郝海生,谢振全,王雅春,等.蒙贝利亚×荷斯坦F1牛体内性控胚胎生产初步试验[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(7):28-30.HAO H S,XIE Z Q,WANG Y C,et al.Preliminary study on the in vivo production of sex-controlled embryos in Montbéliarde×Holstein F1 cattle[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2014,50(7):28-30.(in Chinese)
[10] 庄雨龙,王洪亮,卫喜明,等.德国弗莱维赫牛与澳系西门塔尔牛杂交一代母牛生长发育性状测定及相关性分析[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2019,14:41-44.ZHUANG Y L,WANG H L,WEI X M,et al.The determination of growth and development traits and correlation analysis on F1 generation cows of Germany Fleckvieh×Australia Simmental cattle[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2019,14:41-44.(in Chinese)
[11] 马光辉,张文龙,黄锡霞,等.新疆地区西门塔尔牛不同模型泌乳曲线拟合效果分析[J].新疆农业科学,2013,50(10):1931-1936.MA G H,ZHANG W L,HUANG X X,et al.Analysis of fitting effect on different models of lactation curve for Simmental cattle in Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2013,50(10):1931-1936.(in Chinese)
[12] COSTA A,EGGER D C,MÉSZÁROS G,et al.Genetic associations of lactose and its ratios to other milk solids with health traits in Austrian Fleckvieh cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2019,102(5):4238-4248.
[13] DEZETTER C,LECLERC H,MATTALIA S,et al.Inbreeding and crossbreeding parameters for production and fertility traits in Holstein,Montbéliarde,and Normande cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(7):4904-4913.
[14] 赵番番,葛建军,李红燕,等.新疆地区荷斯坦牛乳中体细胞评分对产奶量与乳成分的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2019,46(11):3323-3331.ZHAO F F,GE J J,LI H Y,et al.Effects of somatic cell score on milk yield and milk composition in Holstein milk in Xinjiang[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2019,46(11):3323-3331.(in Chinese)
[15] 王磊,张海亮,王澳,等.我国南方湿热环境典型牧场奶牛泌乳性能分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2024,60(9):129-136.WANG L,ZHANG H L,WANG A,et al.Analysis of lactation performance in dairy cows on typical farms in the hot and humid regions of Southern China[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2024,60(9):129-136.(in Chinese)
[16] 郭佳和,张海亮,余厚默,等.北方地区某规模化牧场娟姗牛泌乳性能及其影响因素分析[J].中国畜牧杂志,2024,60(2):163-168.GUO J H,ZHANG H L,YU H M,et al.Analysis of lactation performance and influencing factors in Jersey cows on a large-scale farm in Northern China[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2024,60(2):163-168.(in Chinese)
[17] VIJAYAKUMAR M,PARK J H,KI K S,et al.The effect of lactation number,stage,length,and milking frequency on milk yield in Korean Holstein dairy cows using automatic milking system[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2017,30(8):1093-1098.
[18] MASHIMO R,OHBAN H,KUMAZAKI Y,et al.Dairy cow parity affects relationships among nutritional parameters in the blood of dams,umbilical cords,and calves and placental development at calving[J].Journal of Reproduction and Development,2024,70(5):264-271.
[19] HERVE L,QUESNEL H,LOLLIVIER V,et al.Regulation of cell number in the mammary gland by controlling the exfoliation process in milk in ruminants[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(1):854-863.
[20] MARUMO J L,LUSSEAU D,SPEAKMAN J R,et al.Influence of environmental factors and parity on milk yield dynamics in barn-housed dairy cattle[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2022,105(2):1225-1241.
[21] JURKOVICH V,SOMOSKOI B,KOVÁCS L,et al.The effects of heat stress in Jersey,Hungarian Simmental and Holstein-Friesian cows[J].Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences,2022,32(1):68-75.
[22] SCHMELING L,THURNER S,ERHARD M,et al.Physiological and behavioral reactions of Simmental dairy cows to increasing heat load on pasture[J].Ruminants,2022,2(2):157-172.
[23] VRIEZEN R,VRIEZEN E,CRANFIELD J.Milk production,mortality,and economic parameters in the context of heat-stressed dairy cattle[J].CABI Reviews,2021.Doi:10.1079/PAVSNNR202116062.
[24] YANG L,YANG Q,YI M,et al.Effects of seasonal change and parity on raw milk composition and related indices in Chinese Holstein cows in northern China[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(11):6863-6869.
[25] SALFER I J,DECHOW C D,HARVATINE K J.Annual rhythms of milk and milk fat and protein production in dairy cattle in the United States[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2019,102(1):742-753.
[26] 林小觉,刘德武,邓铭,等.影响华南华北地区奶牛泌乳性能的非遗传因素研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2023,59(5):143-149.LIN X J,LIU D W,DENG M,et al.Study on non-genetic factors affecting the lactation performance of dairy cows in South and North China[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2023,59(5):143-149.(in Chinese)
[27] RABUS T,OEHM A W,KNUBBEN-SCHWEIZER G,et al.Relationship of body condition and milk parameters during lactation in Simmental cows in Bavaria,Germany[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine,2023,220:106042.
[28] GREEN L E,SCHUKKEN Y H,GREEN M J.On distinguishing cause and consequence:do high somatic cell counts lead to lower milk yield or does high milk yield lead to lower somatic cell count?[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2006,76(1-2):74-89.
[29] STOCCO G,CIPOLAT-GOTET C,STEFANON B,et al.Herd and animal factors affect the variability of total and differential somatic cell count in bovine milk[J].Journal of Animal Science,2023,101:skac406.
[30] 余诗强,李留学,赵小博,等.不同泌乳阶段和体细胞水平的中国荷斯坦奶牛泌乳性能差异和相关性研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2023,54(3):1003-1014.YU S Q,LI L X,ZHAO X B,et al.Differences and correlations of lactation performance in Chinese Holstein dairy cows at different lactation stages and somatic levels[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2023,54(3):1003-1014.(in Chinese)

Analysis of Lactation Performance and Influencing Factors in Fleckvieh F1 and Montbéliarde F1 Cows

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	SHAN Mingzhu, ZHOU Lisheng, NAOMING Gaowa, ZHANG Xiaoxu, XU Yan, CHU Mingxing, PAN Zhangyuan. The Classification Study of Ovine Horn Type [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(5): 2177-2186.
[2]	YANG Jiazi, HUANG Yuechuan, ZHANG Hailiang, GAO Zimeng, ZHAO Xuelian, WANG Sijia, LI Bin, WEN Dongxu, YU Ying, WANG Yachun. Population Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Conformation Traits and Milk Production Traits of Holstein Cattle in Tibetan [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(1): 258-267.
[3]	LI Zhuojun, CHEN Chunxiang, ZHONG Xiaoju, GAO Jun. Research Progress on Porcine Gut Microbiota Composition, Influencing Factors and Its Effects on Economically Important Traits [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(7): 2557-2566.
[4]	WANG Jiang, LIU Zhiqiang, SUN Hongchen, HE Xinyu, NUHA Maidan, QIU Hongjun, WANG Yan, YIMING Sulaiman. Analysis of Influencing Factors of Birth Weight Traits and Estimation of Heritability in Hu Sheep [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(10): 3846-3855.
[5]	SHI Fangquan, WANG Hui, ZHANG Fan, XIONG Benhai. Influencing Factors and Preventive Measures of Milk Fever in Cows [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(9): 3254-3263.
[6]	ZHANG Huihui, LI Mengwei, TANG Zhenhua, LIANG Xin, PENG Lijuan, PENG Kaiping, YANG Chengjian, WANG Xinfeng. Effects of Cysteamine on the Lactation Performance,Antioxidant Performance and Rumen Microbial Diversity of Buffalo in Summer [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(3): 901-915.
[7]	HUA Liping, LI Zipeng, LI Jun, LIU Shuanghang, YANG Liguo, LIANG Aixin. Correlation Analysis Between Udder Morphology and Lactation Performance in Mediterranean Buffaloe [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(7): 2104-2112.
[8]	ZHAO Fanfan, WANG Dan, MA Yanjun, MA Xinbing, GE Jianjun, ZHANG Xiaoxue, ZHANG Menghua, XU Lei, JIANG Hui, SANG Zhagen, HUANG Xixia. Effect of Non-Genetic Factors on Population Life of Holstein Dairy Cows in Xinjiang [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(3): 822-827.
[9]	LIANG Qi, GAO Zhanjun, YU Zhu, XU Qingfang, CHENG Long, SONG Wenqi, GAO Pan, PAN Xiaoyan. Effects of Different Addition Amounts of Portulaca oleracea L.Silage on Lactation Performance of Dairy Goats [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2018, 45(8): 2204-2211.
[10]	GU Ying, SUN Hai-zhou, SANG Dan, LI Sheng-li, ZHANG Chun-hua, LING Shu-li, SHAN Dan, REN Xiao-ping, SHI Yan. Research Progress on Evaluation Indices and Influencing Factors of Meat Quality [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2013, (7): 100-106.
[11]	LEI Li-hui. Analysing Factors of Affecting Hemagglutinin Test and Hemagglutination Inhibition Test [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2013, (6): 244-246.
[12]	CAO Xin-yan, LIU Han-lu, ZHAO Jing-bo, JING Yi, YUE Zhi-gang, LI Guang-yu. Influencing Factors and Regulation of Embryonic Diapause in Mink [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2013, 40(3): 169-172.
[13]	REN Chun-yan, ZHOU Lin-yun, BU Deng-pan, MA Hui, ZHAO Xiao-wei, LI Fa-di, HU Ru-xia. The Main Influencing Factors of Milk Urea Nitrogen and its Application in Dairy Production [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2012, 39(9): 129-133.
[14]	CHEN Yan-zhen. The Evaluation of Pork Quality and its Influencing Factors [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2012, 39(7): 155-158.
[15]	YANG Mein. The Research Progress of Raw Milk Quality Safety and its Influencing Factors [J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2012, 39(5): 228-232.