基于免疫信息学设计猪流行性腹泻病毒S蛋白的通用多表位疫苗

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.11.033

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】设计一种能广泛应对当前国内猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)流行株及未来可能出现的新变体的通用多表位疫苗，用于预防和控制PEDV感染。【方法】对国内PEDV流行毒株的S蛋白进行遗传进化分析及相似性比对，筛选出保守序列并预测其抗原性。使用IEDB、DTU Health Tech、ABCpred等免疫信息学工具筛选T淋巴细胞及B淋巴细胞表位，并通过柔性连接子串联重组后构建多表位疫苗。对疫苗的抗原性、过敏原性、毒性、理化性质、N-糖基化位点、二级结构和三级结构进行预测。通过免疫模拟评估该疫苗引起的免疫反应。【结果】成功从S蛋白中筛选出4段保守抗原序列，并识别出3个细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)表位、5个辅助T淋巴细胞(HTL)表位和6个线性B细胞表位。这些表位被重组构建成多表位疫苗rPEDV-S，其分子质量为33.53 ku，表现为亲水性，具有2个潜在N-糖基化位点，无过敏原性和毒性。rPEDV-S的二级结构中α-螺旋、β-折叠和无规则卷曲分别占32.71%、14.02%和53.27%。三级结构分析显示，95.3%的残基位于Ramachandran有利区，Z-score为－5.30。免疫模拟结果显示，rPEDV-S能诱导强烈的T细胞和B细胞免疫应答。【结论】本研究成功设计出多表位疫苗rPEDV-S，可激发强烈的免疫反应，可为应对国内新型PEDV变异毒株提供新的研究思路及候选疫苗。

关键词: 猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV); 免疫信息学; S蛋白; 多表位疫苗

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to design a universal multi-epitope vaccine for the prevention and control of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infections that could broadly respond to the current prevalent strains of PEDV in the country and potential new variants in the future. 【Method】 S protein of domestic PEDV epidemic strains was analyzed by genetic evolution and similarity comparison,and the conserved sequence was screened out to predict its antigenicity.Immunoinformatics tools such as IEDB,DTU Health Tech,and ABCpred were used to screen T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte epitopes.By connecting them in series through flexible linkers,a multi-epitope vaccine was constructed.Subsequent predictions on the antigenicity,allergenicity,toxicity,N-glycosylation sites,physicochemical properties,secondary structure,and tertiary structure of the vaccine were conducted.The immune response induced by the vaccine was evaluated through immunological simulation. 【Result】 Four conserved antigenic sequences were successfully screened from the S protein,and three cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes,five helper T lymphocyte(HTL) epitopes,and six linear B cell epitopes were identified.The epitopes were recombinantly constructed as a multi-epitope vaccine,rPEDV-S,with a molecular mass of 33.53 ku,which exhibited hydrophilicity,had two potential N-glycosylation sites,and was non-allergenic and non-toxic.In the secondary structure of rPEDV-S,alpha helix,beta sheet and random coil accounted for 32.71%,14.02% and 53.27%,respectively.The tertiary structure analysis showed 95.3% of residues in Ramachandran favorable region with a Z-score of －5.30.The immunological simulation results showed that rPEDV-S could induce strong T cell and B cell immune responses. 【Conclusion】 This study successfully designed a multi-epitope vaccine rPEDV-S,which could stimulate a strong immune response,providing a new research approach and candidate vaccine for addressing the novel PEDV variant strains in the country.

Key words: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV); immunoinformatics; S protein; multi-epitope vaccine

中图分类号:

S852.65

许大伟, 朱琪, 程安琪, 陈宇山, 刘宇明, 李冰. 基于免疫信息学设计猪流行性腹泻病毒S蛋白的通用多表位疫苗[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(11): 5381-5392.

XU Dawei, ZHU Qi, CHENG Anqi, CHEN Yushan, LIU Yuming, LI Bing. Design of a Universal Multi-epitope Vaccine for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus S Protein Based on Immunoinformatics[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(11): 5381-5392.

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