中草药在肉羊生产中的应用研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.11.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中草药所含的营养成分和活性物质多种多样，涵盖了有机物质，如黄酮类、皂苷类、生物碱、绿原酸等。中草药取材广泛、安全可靠、经济环保，具有调节肠胃功能、抗菌消炎、增强免疫等多种功能，对提高反刍动物生产性能和健康水平具有重要意义。在生产性能方面，中草药可提高肉羊平均日增重、采食量、血清总蛋白含量、干物质和粗蛋白质消化率、改善瘤胃发酵功能。在屠宰性能及肉品质方面，中草药可提高肉羊胴体重、屠宰率、肉质、脂肪酸含量，并降低剪切力和背膘厚等指标。在免疫功能方面，中草药对肉羊血清免疫指标如IgA、IgG、IgM等具有增强作用，从而使羔羊腹泻比例降低。在繁殖性能方面，中草药可以增加公羊采精量、精子密度和精子活力，同时促进母羊发情，提高母羊总受胎率和羔羊初生重，降低弱羔率和死羔率。笔者结合近年来学者们对中草药的研究成果，总结归纳了中草药常见的生物学功能及作用机制，并详细阐述了中草药在肉羊生产性能、免疫功能、繁殖性能等方面的应用及作用效果。同时，探究了当前中草药发展应用中存在的问题，并展望了今后的研究方向，旨在为将中草药合理应用于肉羊生产提供参考。

关键词: 中草药; 肉羊; 生物学功能

Abstract: Chinese herbal medicine contains rich nutrients and functional components，including organic components such as flavonoids,saponins,alkaloids and chlorogenic acid.Chinese herbal medicines are widely sourced,safe and reliable,economical and environmentally friendly，and has various functions such as regulating gastrointestinal functions,inhibiting bacteria and reducing inflammation,and enhancing immunity.They are of great significance for improving the production performance and health level of ruminant animals.In terms of production performance,Chinese herbal medicine can increase average daily weight gain,feed intake,serum total protein content,digestibility of dry matter and crude protein,and improve the rumen fermentation function of sheep.In terms of slaughter performance and meat quality,Chinese herbal medicine can improve carcass weight,slaughter rate,meat quality,fatty acid content,and reduce dripping loss rate,shear force and backfat thickness.In terms of immune function,Chinese herbal medicine can improve the immune indexes such as IgA,IgG and IgM in the serum of mutton sheep and reduce the diarrhea rate of lambs.In terms of reproductive performance,Chinese herbal medicines can increase the sperm production volume,sperm density and sperm vitality of rams,while promoting the estrus of ewes,improving the total conception rate of ewes and the birth weight of lambs,and reducing the rate of weak lambs and the mortality rate of lambs.Based on the research results of Chinese herbal medicine in recent years,the author summarized and classified the common biological functions and action mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine.Moreover,the author elaborated on the application and effect of Chinese herbal medicine in aspects such as the production performance,immune function,and reproductive performance of sheep.At the same time,the problems existing in the current development and application of Chinese herbal medicine were explored,and the future research directions of Chinese herbal medicine were also envisioned，with the aim of providing a reference for the rational application of Chinese herbal medicine in sheep production.

Key words: Chinese herbal medicine; mutton sheep; biological function

中图分类号:

S826.9

刘辉, 安小娅, 雷初朝. 中草药在肉羊生产中的应用研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(11): 5235-5242.

LIU Hui, AN Xiaoya, LEI Chuzhao. Progress on the Application of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Mutton Sheep Production[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(11): 5235-5242.

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