饲粮不同代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对11～21周龄吉山黑鸡生长和屠宰性能、血清生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.11.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究11～21周龄吉山黑鸡适宜的饲粮代谢能(ME)和粗蛋白质(CP)需要量。【方法】选取576只采食正常、体重相近的11周龄吉山黑鸡Ⅰ系公鸡，随机分为6组，每组6个重复，每个重复16只鸡。采用2×3双因子(代谢能水平为11.09、11.51 MJ/kg；粗蛋白质水平为14.00%、15.00%、16.00%)试验设计，共配制6种试验饲粮。预饲期1周，正试期10周。试验期间以重复为单位记录给料量和剩料量，计算平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)和料重比(F/G)。试验第10周末，每个重复取4只鸡，测定体斜长、胸宽、胸深、龙骨长、胫长和胫围；每个重复取2只鸡采血和屠宰，测定屠宰性能和血清生化指标。【结果】饲粮不同代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对11～21周龄吉山黑鸡Ⅰ系公鸡的生长性能、体尺性状和屠宰性能指标均没有显著影响(P＞0.05)；当饲粮代谢能水平为11.51 MJ/kg时，鸡血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量均显著高于11.09 MJ/kg水平组(P＜0.05)；饲粮粗蛋白质水平对血清生化指标没有显著影响(P＞0.05)；饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对血清中尿酸、总胆固醇含量和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量有显著的互作效应(P＜0.05)。【结论】综合考虑各项指标，推荐11～21周龄吉山黑鸡Ⅰ系公鸡饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平以不高于11.09 MJ/kg和14.00%为宜。

关键词: 代谢能; 粗蛋白质; 吉山黑鸡; 生长性能

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to explore the appropriate dietary metabolic energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) requirements for 11-21 weeks of age Jishan Black chickens. 【Method】 A total of 576 Jishan Black line Ⅰ roosters aged at 11 weeks with normal feeding and similar body weight were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 16 chickens per replicate.A 2×3 factorial design with two levels of ME (11.09 and 11.51 MJ/kg) and three levels of CP (14%,15% and 16%) was used in this experiment to prepare 6 experimental diets.The pre-trial period was 1 week,and the trial period was 10 weeks.During the experiment,the average daily feed intake (ADFI),average daily gain (ADG),and feed to gain ratio (F/G) were calculated.On the end of the 10th week of the experiment,4 chickens were taken from each replicate to measure the body length,chest width,chest depth,keel length,shank length and shank girth,and 2 chickens in each replicate were selected for blood collection and slaughter to determine the slaughter performance and serum biochemical indicators. 【Result】 The growth performance,body size traits and slaughter performance of chickens were not significantly affected by dietary ME and CP levels (P＞0.05).When the dietary ME level was 11.51 MJ/kg,the contents of total protein (TP),albumin (ALB),total cholesterol (T-CHO),triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum were significantly higher than those in the group with dietary ME level was 11.09 MJ/kg (P＜0.05).The serum biochemical indicators were not significantly affected by dietary CP levels (P＞0.05),and dietary ME and CP levels had the significant interaction on contents of uric acid (UA),T-CHO and LDL-C in serum (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Considering all indices comprehensively,it was recommended that the optimal dietary ME and CP levels for Jishan Black line Ⅰ roosters aged 11 to 21 weeks were no higher than 11.09 MJ/kg and 14.00%，respectively.

Key words: metabolic energy; crude protein; Jishan Black chickens; growth performance

中图分类号:

S815.1

解庆柱, 杜元军, 刘增民, 刘晓辉, 廖玉雪, 夏光亮, 神英超, 刘伟. 饲粮不同代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对11～21周龄吉山黑鸡生长和屠宰性能、血清生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(11): 5157-5167.

XIE Qingzhu, DU Yuanjun, LIU Zengmin, LIU Xiaohui, LIAO Yuxue, XIA Guangliang, SHEN Yingchao, LIU Wei. Effects of Diets with Different Levels of Metabolic Energy and Crude Protein on Growth, Slaughter Performance and Serum Biochemical Indicators of Jishan Black Chickens Aged 11 to 21 Weeks[J]. China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(11): 5157-5167.

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